1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane
Chemical compound
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane | |||
Other names R-130a; acetylidene tetrachloride, asymmetrical tetrachloroethane | |||
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.010.124 ![]() | ||
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InChI
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Properties | |||
Chemical formula | C2H2Cl4 | ||
Molar mass | 167.84 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Clear liquid | ||
Density | 1.5532 g/cm3 | ||
Melting point | −70.2 °C (−94.4 °F; 203.0 K) | ||
Boiling point | 130.5 °C (266.9 °F; 403.6 K) | ||
Solubility in water | 0.1% (20°C)[2] | ||
Vapor pressure | 14 mmHg (25°C)[2] | ||
Hazards | |||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) | none[2] | ||
REL (Recommended) | Handle with caution in the workplace.[2] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) | N.D.[2] | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). ![]() ![]() ![]() Infobox references |
Chemical compound
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless liquid with a sweet chloroform-like odor. It is used as a solvent and in the production of wood stains and varnishes. It is an isomer of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.
Production
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane can be obtained by a two-step addition reaction of acetylene with chlorine (via dichloroethene), but this mainly produces 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.
- C2H2 + Cl2 → C2H2Cl2
- C2H2Cl2 + Cl2 → C2H2Cl4
It can be obtained directly by chlorination of 1,1,2-trichloroethane:[3]
- CHCl2−CH2Cl + Cl2 → CCl3−CH2Cl + HCl
Safety
IARC has classified 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane as a possible carcinogen for humans in 2014.[4]
See also
References
- ^ "National Pollutant Inventory Substance Profile". Archived from the original on 2007-08-29. Retrieved 2007-07-19.
- ^ a b c d e NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0597". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Lawrance Waddams: The Petroleum chemicals Industry, S. 175.
- ^ IARC Monograph 106 – 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane, 2014