1923 State of the Union Address
Albert B. Cummins
Frederick H. Gillett
The 1923 State of the Union Address was given by Calvin Coolidge, the 30th president of the United States, on Thursday, December 6, 1923, to the 68th United States Congress in the chamber of the United States House of Representatives.[1] It was Coolidge's first State of the Union Address and his first speech to a joint session of the United States Congress after assuming the presidency upon the death of Warren G. Harding four months earlier in 1923. Presiding over this joint session was House speaker Frederick H. Gillett, accompanied by President pro tempore Albert B. Cummins, in his capacity as the acting president of the Senate since the office of Vice President was vacant.
Coolidge opened his speech by paying tribute to recently deceased President Warren G. Harding:
Since the close of the last Congress the Nation has lost President Harding. The world knew his kindness and his humanity, his greatness and his character. He has left his mark upon history. He has made justice more certain and peace more secure. The surpassing tribute paid to his memory as he was borne across the continent to rest at last at home revealed the place lie held in the hearts of the American people.[1]
Amongst the many issues facing the country that Coolidge addressed, his opposition to the practice of lynching is notable:
Numbered among our population are some 12,000,000 colored people. Under our Constitution their rights are just as sacred as those of any other citizen. It is both a public and a private duty to protect those rights. The Congress ought to exercise all its powers of prevention and punishment against the hideous crime of lynching, of which the negroes are by no means the sole sufferers, but for which they furnish a majority of the victims.[1]
Coolidge closed his speech with a reflection on the emergence of the United States as a world power in the post-World War I era, in which he alluded to a line from Abraham Lincoln's Cooper Union speech:
The world has had enough of the curse of hatred and selfishness, of destruction and war. It has had enough of the wrongful use of material power. For the healing of the nations there must be good will and charity, confidence and peace. The time has come for a more practical use of moral power, and more reliance upon the principle that right makes its own might. Our authority among the nations must be represented by justice and mercy. It is necessary not only to have faith, but to make sacrifices for our faith. The spiritual forces of the world make all its final determinations. It is with these voices that America should speak. Whenever they declare a righteous purpose there need be no doubt that they will be heard. America has taken her place in the world as a Republic—free, independent, powerful. The best service that can be rendered to humanity is the assurance that this place will be maintained.[1]
This was the only State of the Union Address which Coolidge delivered as a speech. After 1923, Coolidge opted to restore the longstanding practice of delivering the State of the Union Address in writing. By word count, this address was Coolidge's shortest State of the Union Address, consisting of 6,706 words.[2]
This was the first State of the Union Address to be broadcast to a large radio audience.[3]
This speech was the last time that a Republican president would address a joint session of Congress to deliver a State of the Union Address until 30 years later, when Dwight D. Eisenhower gave his first State of the Union Address in 1953.
References
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
- ^ a b c d Coolidge, Calvin (December 6, 1923). "First Annual Message". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- ^ Peters, Gerhard. "Length of State of the Union Messages and Addresses in Words". The American Presidency Project. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
- ^ Langone, Alix (January 30, 2018). "How the State of the Union Address Made Its Broadcast Debut". Time. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
- v
- t
- e
- 30th President of the United States (1923–1929)
- 29th Vice President of the United States (1921–1923)
- 48th Governor of Massachusetts (1919–1921)
- Early life and family history
- Boyhood home and first inauguration site
- Calvin Coolidge House
- Early career and marriage
- Lieutenant Governor and Governor of Massachusetts
- Boston police strike (1919)
- Vice Presidency
- Retirement and death
- Presidential Library and Museum
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Calvin_Coolidge_cph.3g10777_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Calvin_Coolidge_cph.3g10777_%28cropped%29.jpg)
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(timeline)
- First inauguration
- Second inauguration
- Industry and trade
- Taxation (Revenue Act of 1924, Revenue Act of 1926, Revenue Act of 1928)
- Allegheny National Forest
- Civil rights (Indian Citizenship Act of 1924)
- Immigration Act of 1924
- Clarke–McNary Act
- Oil Pollution Act of 1924
- World War Adjusted Compensation Act (1924)
- Opposition to farm subsidies (McNary–Haugen Farm Relief Bill)
- Judiciary Act of 1925
- Federal Corrupt Practices Act Amendments of 1925
- Railway Labor Act
- Passport Act of 1926
- Flood control (Great Mississippi Flood of 1927, Flood Control Act of 1928)
- State of the Union Addresses (1926
- 1927)
- "I do not choose to run" (1927)
- Radio Act of 1927
- McFadden Act (1927)
- Brave Little State of Vermont speech (1928)
- McSweeney-McNary Act of 1928
- Migratory Bird Conservation Act
- Reed–Jenkins Act
- Foreign policy (Banana Wars, United States occupation of Nicaragua (1912–1933), United States occupation of Haiti (1915–1934), United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924), Washington Naval Treaty (1922), Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928)
- Presidential transition of Herbert Hoover
- Cabinet
- Judicial appointments
- Things named after Coolidge
- Sesquicentennial half dollar
- U.S. postage stamps
- Coolidge effect
- SS President Coolidge
- Backstairs at the White House (1979 miniseries)
- Grace Coolidge (wife)
- John Coolidge (son)
- John Calvin Coolidge Sr. (father)
- Calvin Galusha Coolidge (grandfather)
- Arthur Brown, Olympia Brown, Charles A. Coolidge (cousins)
- Marcus A. Coolidge, Arthur W. Coolidge, Martha Coolidge, Carlos Coolidge (distant relations)
- Edmund Rice (ancestor)
- Rob Roy (family dog)
- Rebecca (pet raccoon)