Augmented triangular prism
Augmented triangular prism | |
---|---|
Type | Johnson J48 – J49 – J50 |
Faces | 6 triangles 2 squares |
Edges | 13 |
Vertices | 7 |
Vertex configuration | |
Symmetry group | |
Properties | convex |
Net | |
In geometry, the augmented triangular prism is a polyhedron constructed by attaching an equilateral square pyramid onto the square face of a triangular prism. As a result, it is an example of Johnson solid. It can be visualized as the chemical compound, known as capped trigonal prismatic molecular geometry.
Construction
The augmented triangular prism can be constructed from a triangular prism by attaching an equilateral square pyramid to one of its square faces, a process known as augmentation.[1] This square pyramid covers the square face of the prism, so the resulting polyhedron has 6 equilateral triangles and 2 squares as its faces.[2] A convex polyhedron in which all faces are regular is Johnson solid, and the augmented triangular prism is among them, enumerated as 49th Johnson solid .[3]
Properties
An augmented triangular prism with edge length has a surface area, calculated by adding six equilateral triangles and two squares' area:[2] Its volume can be obtained by slicing it into a regular triangular prism and an equilateral square pyramid, and adding their volume subsequently:[2]
It has three-dimensional symmetry group of the cyclic group of order 4. Its dihedral angle can be calculated by adding the angle of an equilateral square pyramid and a regular triangular prism in the following:[4]
- The dihedral angle of an augmented triangular prism between two adjacent triangles is that of an equilateral square pyramid between two adjacent triangular faces,
- The dihedral angle of an augmented triangular prism between two adjacent squares is that of a triangular prism between two lateral faces, the interior angle of a triangular prism .
- The dihedral angle of an augmented triangular prism between square and triangle is the dihedral angle of a triangular prism between the base and its lateral face,
- The dihedral angle of an equilateral square pyramid between a triangular face and its base is . Therefore, the dihedral angle of an augmented triangular prism between a square (the lateral face of the triangular prism) and triangle (the lateral face of the equilateral square pyramid) on the edge where the equilateral square pyramid is attached to the square face of the triangular prism, and between two adjacent triangles (the lateral face of both equilateral square pyramids) on the edge where two equilateral square pyramids are attached adjacently to the triangular prism, are
Application
In the geometry of chemical compounds, a polyhedron may commonly visualize an atom cluster surrounding a central atom. The capped trigonal prismatic molecular geometry describes clusters for which this polyhedron is an augmented triangular prism.[5] An example of such compound is the potassium heptafluorotantalate.[6]
See also
- Biaugmented triangular prism — the 50th Johnson solid, constructed by attaching a triangular prism with two equilateral square pyramids.
- Triaugmented triangular prism — the 51st Johnson solid, constructed by attaching a triangular prism with three equilateral square pyramids.
References
- ^ Rajwade, A. R. (2001). Convex Polyhedra with Regularity Conditions and Hilbert's Third Problem. Texts and Readings in Mathematics. Hindustan Book Agency. p. 84–89. doi:10.1007/978-93-86279-06-4. ISBN 978-93-86279-06-4.
- ^ a b c Berman, Martin (1971). "Regular-faced convex polyhedra". Journal of the Franklin Institute. 291 (5): 329–352. doi:10.1016/0016-0032(71)90071-8. MR 0290245.
- ^ Francis, Darryl (August 2013). "Johnson solids & their acronyms". Word Ways. 46 (3): 177.
- ^ Johnson, Norman W. (1966). "Convex polyhedra with regular faces". Canadian Journal of Mathematics. 18: 169–200. doi:10.4153/cjm-1966-021-8. MR 0185507. S2CID 122006114. Zbl 0132.14603.
- ^ Hoffmann, Roald; Beier, Barbara F.; Muetterties, Earl L.; Rossi, Angelo R. (1977). "Seven-coordination. A molecular orbital exploration of structure, stereochemistry, and reaction dynamics". Inorganic Chemistry. 16 (3): 511–522. doi:10.1021/ic50169a002.
- ^ Kaupp, Martin (2001). ""Non-VSEPR" Structures and Bonding in d(0) Systems". Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 40 (1): 3534–3565. doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20011001)40:19<3534::AID-ANIE3534>3.0.CO;2-#. PMID 11592184.
External links
- Weisstein, Eric W. "Johnson Solid". MathWorld.
- Weisstein, Eric W. "Augmented triangular prism". MathWorld.
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- elongated pentagonal pyramid
- gyroelongated square pyramid
- gyroelongated pentagonal pyramid
- triangular bipyramid
- pentagonal bipyramid
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- pentagonal orthocupolarotunda
- pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda
- pentagonal orthobirotunda
- elongated triangular orthobicupola
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- elongated square gyrobicupola
- elongated pentagonal orthobicupola
- elongated pentagonal gyrobicupola
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- elongated pentagonal gyrocupolarotunda
- elongated pentagonal orthobirotunda
- elongated pentagonal gyrobirotunda
- gyroelongated triangular bicupola
- gyroelongated square bicupola
- gyroelongated pentagonal bicupola
- gyroelongated pentagonal cupolarotunda
- gyroelongated pentagonal birotunda
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- augmented truncated cube
- biaugmented truncated cube
- augmented truncated dodecahedron
- parabiaugmented truncated dodecahedron
- metabiaugmented truncated dodecahedron
- triaugmented truncated dodecahedron
- gyrate rhombicosidodecahedron
- parabigyrate rhombicosidodecahedron
- metabigyrate rhombicosidodecahedron
- trigyrate rhombicosidodecahedron
- diminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- paragyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- metagyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- bigyrate diminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- parabidiminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- metabidiminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- gyrate bidiminished rhombicosidodecahedron
- tridiminished rhombicosidodecahedron