Bynum Mound and Village Site
Bynum Mound and Village Site | |
A mound at Bynum | |
33°53′52.6554″N 88°56′46.6794″W / 33.897959833°N 88.946299833°W / 33.897959833; -88.946299833 | |
NRHP reference No. | 89000783[1] |
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Added to NRHP | July 16, 1989[1] |
The Bynum Mound and Village Site (22CS501) is a Middle Woodland period archaeological site located near Houston in Chickasaw County, Mississippi. The complex of six burial mounds was in use during the Miller 1 and Miller 2 phases of the Miller culture[2][3] and was built between 100 BC and 100 AD. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989 as part of the Natchez Trace Parkway at milepost 232.4.[1]
Site description
The 6 hectares (15 acres) site is located on a low ridge which overlooks Houlka Creek in the Tombigbee River drainage area.[3] It has six conical burial mounds, which range in height from 5 feet (1.5 m) to 14 feet (4.3 m), and its associated habitation area were constructed and used during the Middle Woodland period, between 100 BC and 100 AD. In the 1940s, archaeologists with the National Park Service excavated five of the mounds. The two largest mounds were restored afterward and the site is open to the public and now includes informational plaques. Excavations produced artifacts made from non local materials such as Greenstone, copper, and galena, and distinctive projectile points that did not originate at the site or even in Mississippi. Similar high prestige exotic goods were also found at Pharr Mounds, a nearby contemporaneous site, which show the local peoples involvement with the Hopewell exchange system, long-distance trade network and religious network.
Mound A
During excavations of Mound A archaeologists found the remains of a woman who had been placed between two parallel burned oak logs buried at the base of the mound. They also found ornamental copper spools at each of her wrists. They also found the remains of two adult males and a child.
Mound B
The largest mound at the site, Mound B, was found to be covering a log lined crematory pit. Archaeologists found twenty nine polished greenstone celts arranged in an L-shaped pattern. They also found human remains, some cremated and others unburned, on the ash-covered floor of the pit. Exotic artifacts including copper ear-spools, nineteen chert projectile points believed to have been imported from Hopewell peoples in Illinois, and a piece of galena were also found.
References
- ^ a b c "National Register of Historic Places". National Park Service. November 16, 2010. Archived from the original on August 3, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2010.
- ^ "Pharr Mounds-Ceramic analysis". National Park Service. Retrieved November 16, 2010.
- ^ a b Peregrine, Peter Neal; Ember, Melvin, eds. (2003). "Middle Eastern Woodland". Encyclopedia of Prehistory. Vol. 6 : North America (1 ed.). Springer Publishing. p. 331. ISBN 978-0-306-46264-1.
External links
- Bynum Mounds Mississippi Orbs
- Bynum Mounds on Flickr
- Archaeology of prehistoric native America: an encyclopedia
- v
- t
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- Woodland period
- List of Hopewell sites
- Mound Builders
- List of archaeological periods (North America)
- Beam Farm
- Benham Mound
- Cary Village Site
- Cedar-Bank Works
- Dunns Pond Mound
- Ellis Mounds
- Ety Enclosure
- Ety Habitation Site
- Everett Knoll Complex
- Fort Ancient
- Fortified Hill Works
- Great Hopewell Road
- High Banks Works
- Hopeton Earthworks
- Hopewell Culture National Historical Park
- Indian Mound Cemetery
- Keiter Mound
- Marietta Earthworks
- Moorehead Circle
- Mound of Pipes
- Nettle Lake Mound Group
- Newark Earthworks
- Oak Mounds
- Orators
- Perin Village Site
- Pollock Works
- Portsmouth Earthworks
- Rocky Fork Enclosures
- Rocky Fork Mounds
- Seip Earthworks and Dill Mounds District
- Shawnee Lookout
- Shriver Circle Earthworks
- Stubbs Earthworks
- Tremper Mound and Works
- Williamson Mound Archeological District
- Goodall site
- Norton Mound group
- Bynum Mound and Village Site
- Ingomar Mound
- Miller Site
- Pharr Mounds
- Pinson Mounds
- Lewiston Mound
- Serpent Mounds Park
- LeVescounte Mounds
Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture
- Crystal River Archaeological State Park
- Etowah Indian Mounds
- Leake Mounds
- Kolomoki Mounds
- Miner's Creek site
- Pierce Site
- Swift Creek mound site
- Third Gulf Breeze
- Yearwood site
- Yent Mound
- Armstrong culture
- Copena culture
- Fourche Maline culture
- Laurel complex
- Saugeen complex
- Old Stone Fort (Tennessee)