Columbus II
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/COLUMBUS-II-route.png/340px-COLUMBUS-II-route.png)
COLUMBUS II is an optical, repeatered, transatlantic telephone cable. It is approximately 12,102 km (7,520 mi; 6,535 nmi) in length. It entered into commercial service in 1994.[1] The system, along with the Americas cable, was the first to use the Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) as its optical amplifier repeaters.[2] In 2009, the transatlantic section was retired, and as of 2023, only the Columbus-II-B section remains in use and has been upgraded. [3]
It is in 3 segments has landing points in:
- Columbus II - A (1121 km) - 560 MB/s
1. Cancún, Mexico
2. West Palm Beach, Florida, United States
- Columbus II - B (2068 km) - 2500 MB/s
2. West Palm Beach, Florida, United States
3. Magens Bay, St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
- Columbus II - C (9116 km) - 560 MB/s
3. Magens Bay, St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
4. Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
5. Sardina, Gran Canaria, Spain
6. Palermo, Sicily, Italy
See also
References
- ^ Juggerst, Patrick (July 1995). "AT&T's Undersea Fiber-Optic Cable Systems". Sea Technology. 36 (7). Arlington, VA: Compass Publications, Inc.: 29–30, 32–34.
- ^ Repeatered Fiber Optic Submarine Systems. IGI Consulting (Report). Boston, MA: IGI Consulting, Inc. 1998. p. 27. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
- ^ FCC. "Report No. SCL-00272" (PDF).
- ICPC Cable database
- Alcatel Website-Cable info
- Yahoo factbook
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- 2Africa
- AC-2
- AEConnect
- Africa Coast to Europe
- ALBA-1
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- ANTILLAS I
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- Americas II
- Apollo
- Atlantic Crossing 1
- Atlantis-2
- BDSNi
- BRICS Cable
- C-Lion1
- Circe
- Columbus II
- Columbus III
- Concerto 1
- Danice
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- EllaLink
- FARICE-1
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- GlobeNet
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- PAN AM
- PEC
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- SACS
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- SAex
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- SEA-ME-WE 3
- SHEFA-2
- SMPR-1
- Southern Caribbean Fiber
- Svalbard Undersea Cable System
- Tangerine
- ULYSSES
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- VSNL Northern Europe
- VSNL Western Europe
- West Africa Cable System
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