Genotype–phenotype map
Conceptual model in genetic architecture
The genotype–phenotype map is a conceptual model in genetic architecture. Coined in a 1991 paper by Pere Alberch,[1] it models the interdependency of genotype (an organism's full hereditary information) with phenotype (an organism's actual observed properties).
Application
The map visualises a relationship between genotype & phenotype which, crucially:[2]
- is of greater complexity than a straightforward one-to-one mapping of genotype to/from phenotype.
- accommodates a parameter space, along which at different points a given phenotype is said to be more or less stable.
- accommodates transformational boundaries in the parameter space, which divide phenotype states from one another.
- accounts for different polymorphism and/or polyphenism in populations, depending on their area of parameter space they occupy.
References
- ^ Alberch, Pere (1991). "From genes to phenotype: dynamical systems and evolvability". Genetica. 84 (1): 5–11. doi:10.1007/BF00123979. PMID 1874440. S2CID 28286781. Retrieved 18 October 2020.
- ^ Pigliucci, Massimo (2010). "Genotype–phenotype mapping and the end of the 'genes as blueprint' metaphor". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 365 (1540): 557–566. doi:10.1098/rstb.2009.0241. PMC 2817137. PMID 20083632.
- v
- t
- e
The development of phenotype
- Genotype–phenotype distinction
- Reaction norm
- Gene–environment interaction
- Gene–environment correlation
- Operon
- Heritability
- Quantitative genetics
- Heterochrony
- Heterotopy
- Canalisation
- Genetic assimilation
- Dominance
- Epistasis
- Fitness landscape/evolutionary landscape
- Pleiotropy
- Plasticity
- Polygenic inheritance
- Transgressive segregation
- Sequence space
- Developmental biology
- Morphogenesis
- Eyespot
- Pattern formation
- Segmentation
- Metamerism
- Modularity
- Evolvability
- Robustness
- Neutral networks
- Evolution of sexual reproduction
- Tinkering
Systems | |
---|---|
Elements |
|
- C. H. Waddington
- Richard Lewontin
- François Jacob + Jacques Monod
- Eric F. Wieschaus
- Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
- William McGinnis
- Mike Levine
- Sean B. Carroll
- Endless Forms Most Beautiful