Henry Aiken Worcester
Henry Aiken Worcester (Sept. 25, 1802 – May 21, 1841) was a Yale University alumnus, a vegetarian, and a Swedenborgian minister who worked in Maine and Massachusetts. His "Sermons on the Lord's Prayer"[1] was published posthumously in 1850 .[2]
Biography
He was born in Hollis, New Hampshire to the large Worcester family. His siblings included Congressman Samuel T. Worcester and David Worcester, who was principal of Bangor High School.[3] He graduated Yale University, class of 1828. He studied at Yale Divinity School from 1829-1830.
He married Olive Gay of Gardiner on August 26, 1838, and they had two children, Henry Parker Worcester and Mary Olivia Worcester, who was born after her father died. His obituary said: "Mr. Worcester's amiable, frank and social qualities gained him many warm friends, and his character and acquirements were such as to ensure to him universal esteem."[4]
Ministry
He was licensed to preach April 12, 1833.[5] Worcester held ministerial positions at Swedenborgian churches in Abington, Massachusetts, Bath, Maine, Gardiner, Maine and Portland. Maine. He moved to Portland in 1833.[5] He published The Sabbath in 1841.
Vegetarian diet
In 1834 health reformer Sylvester Graham lectured in Portland, Maine on "The Science of Human Life." Rev. Worcester attended and then wrote to his siblings in Hardwick, Vermont about the lectures.[2][3] In his letter housed in the Ernest Bell Memorial Library, he wrote about Graham's recommendations for a vegetarian diet that was mostly vegan, and he wrote:
I confess myself a convert to his mode of life in theory and now in practice.[3]
Also in the letter Worcester wrote:
But I tell you that the physicians, all but one quack, of Portland, a very scientific class of men, have attended the course, and I believe all, to a man, acknowledge the correctness of Graham’s principles. The change that it is making in this city you can hardly conceive of – for a very large portion of the inhabitants have adopted his mode of diet and manner of living.[3]
Food columnist Avery Yale Kamila wrote in the Portland Press Herald that his report was different from "the assessment in [history book] “Vegetarian America” that most doctors of the day ignored Graham’s dietary advice."[2]
Selected publications
- Sermons on the Lord's Prayer, 1850, Philadelphia[6]
- The Sabbath, 1841, London[7]
- Sermons, 1837[8]
References
- ^ "Sermons on the Lord's prayer : Worcester, Henry Aiken, 1802-1841. [from old catalog] : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming". Internet Archive. Retrieved 2020-07-26.
- ^ a b c Kamila, Avery Yale (2020-03-29). "A meat-free diet in Maine is nothing new: In the first half of the 19th-century, some Mainers promoted a vegetarian diet". Portland Press Herald. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
- ^ a b c d John, Edmundson (2016-02-19). "1834 Vegan Enthusiasm In Portland Maine". Ernest Bell Library. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
- ^ "The Worcester Family - Seventh Generation". www.worcesterfamily.com. Retrieved 2021-06-01.
- ^ a b Carter, Nathan Franklin (1906). The Native Ministry of New Hampshire ... Rumford printing Company. ISBN 9781404706910.
- ^ "Index:Sermons on the Lord's Prayer (Henry Worcester).djvu - Wikisource, the free online library". en.m.wikisource.org. Retrieved 2020-05-15.
- ^ WORCESTER, Henry Aiken (1841). The Sabbath. J. S. Hodson.
- ^ Zboray, Ronald J. (2013). Literary Dollars and Social Sense A People's History of the Mass Market Book. Taylor and Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-72953-9. OCLC 962413201.
- v
- t
- e
Veganism | |
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Vegetarianism | |
Lists |
Secular | |
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Religious |
and drink
- Agave syrup
- Chicken fillet roll
- Coconut burger
- Coconut milk
- Fruits
- Grains
- Gelatin substitutes
- Jambon
- Meat alternative
- Miso
- Mochi
- Mock duck
- Nutritional yeast
- Plant cream
- Plant milk
- Quinoa
- Quorn
- Seitan
- Soy yogurt
- Tempeh
- Tofu
- Tofurkey
- Cheese
- Vegetables
- Vegetarian bacon
- Hot dog
- Vegetarian mark
- Sausage
- Sausage roll
- Beer
- Wine
- Veggie burger
and events
reports,
journals
- On Abstinence from Eating Animals (3rd century)
- An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty (1802)
- Vegetable Cookery (1812)
- A Vindication of Natural Diet (1813)
- Reasons for not Eating Animal Food (1814)
- Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes (1824)
- Nature's Own Book (1835)
- Fruits and Farinacea (1845)
- The Pleasure Boat (1845)
- The Ethics of Diet (1883)
- What is Vegetarianism? (1886)
- Shelley's Vegetarianism (1891)
- Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses (1892)
- Why I Am a Vegetarian (1895)
- Figs or Pigs? (1896)
- Fifty Years of Food Reform (1898)
- Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian (1903)
- The Meat Fetish (1904)
- The New Ethics (1907)
- A Fleshless Diet (1910)
- The Benefits of Vegetarianism (1927)
- Living the Good Life (1954)
- Ten Talents (1968)
- Diet for a Small Planet (1971)
- The Vegetarian Epicure (1972)
- Moosewood Collective Cookbooks (1973)
- The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook (1975)
- Laurel's Kitchen (1976)
- Moosewood Cookbook (1977)
- Fit for Life (1985)
- Diet for a New America (1987)
- The Sexual Politics of Meat (1990)
- Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone (1997)
- The China Study (2005)
- Skinny Bitch (2005)
- Livestock's Long Shadow (2006)
- The Bloodless Revolution (2006)
- Eating Animals (2009)
- Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows (2009)
- The Vegan Studies Project (2015)
- Animal (De)liberation (2016)
- The End of Animal Farming (2018)
- Vegetable Kingdom (2020)
- Making a Stand for Animals (2022)
- Meat Atlas (annual)
- The Animals Film (1981)
- Diet for a New America (film) (1991)
- A Cow at My Table (1998)
- Meet Your Meat (2002)
- Post Punk Kitchen (2003–2005)
- Peaceable Kingdom (2004)
- Earthlings (2005)
- A Sacred Duty (2007)
- Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead (2010)
- Planeat (2010)
- Forks Over Knives (2011)
- Vegucated (2011)
- Live and Let Live (2013)
- Cowspiracy (2014)
- PlantPure Nation (2015)
- What the Health (2017)
- Carnage (2017)
- Dominion (2018)
- Eating You Alive (2018)
- The Game Changers (2018)
- Maa Ka Doodh (2023)
- You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment (2024)
activists,
authors,
physicians
cookbook authors
- Nava Atlas
- Mayim Bialik
- Carleigh Bodrug
- Gypsy Boots
- BOSH!
- Martha Brotherton
- Edward Espe Brown
- Tabitha Brown (actress)
- Suzy Amis Cameron
- Hannah Che
- Pinky Cole
- Chloe Coscarelli
- Yamuna Devi
- Sue Donaldson
- Crescent Dragonwagon
- Rose Elliot
- Rip Esselstyn
- Toni Fiore
- Carol Lee Flinders
- Alexis Gauthier
- Dick Gregory
- Richa Hingle
- Madhur Jaffrey
- Mollie Katzen
- Frances Moore Lappé
- Deborah Madison
- Linda McCartney
- Mary McCartney
- Hetty Lui McKinnon
- Tracye McQuirter
- Joanne Lee Molinaro
- Moosewood Collective
- Isa Chandra Moskowitz
- Bawa Muhaiyaddeen
- Gaz Oakley
- Colleen Patrick-Goudreau
- Mathew Pritchard
- Satchidananda Saraswati
- Derek Sarno
- Miyoko Schinner
- Alicia Silverstone
- Hannah Sunderani
- Bryant Terry
- Anna Thomas
- Haile Thomas
- Lauren Toyota
- Jeeca Uy
- Umberto Veronesi
- Nisha Vora
- Alan Wakeman
- Cranks (restaurant)
- Food for Thought (restaurant)
- InSpiral Lounge
- Lentil as Anything
- Minerva Café
- New Riverside Cafe
- Nix (restaurant)
- Penny Cafeteria
- Pink Peacock
- The Hollow Reed
- The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel