Latin exonyms
Exonyms for places outside of the core of the Roman empire
Below is list of Latin exonyms for places outside of the core of the Roman empire during the time Latin was in common use:
Albania
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Durrës | Dyrrachium | Durrës | |
Lezhë | Lissus | Lezhë | |
Vlorë | Aulon | Vlorë |
Austria
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Eisenstadt | Ferreum Castrum | Eisenstadt | |
Graz | Graecia | Graz | |
Innsbruck | Pons Aeni | Innsbruck | |
Linz | Lentia | Linz | |
Salzburg | Salisburgum | Salzburg | |
Sankt Pölten | Cetium | Sankt Pölten | |
Vienna | Vindobona | Wien |
Belgium
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes | |
Name | Language | |||
Ghent | Gandavum | |||
Kortrijk | Cortoriacum | |||
Tongeren | Atuatuca Tungrorum |
Bulgaria
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Balchik | Dionysopolis | ||
Kyustendil | Pautalia | ||
Lom | Almus | ||
Lovech | Melta | ||
Pleven | Storgozia | ||
Plovdiv | Philippopolis | ||
Razgrad | Abrittus | ||
Ruse | Sexaginta Prista | ||
Silistra | Durostorum | ||
Sofia | Serdica | ||
Sozopol | Apollonia Pontica | ||
Stara Zagora | Augusta Trajana | ||
Svishtov | Novae | ||
Varna | Odessus | ||
Vidin | Bononia |
Czech Republic
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Brno | Bruna | Brno | |
Krnov | Carnovia | Krnov | |
Prague | Praga | Praha |
Denmark
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Copenhagen | Hafnia | København |
Egypt
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes | |
Name | Language | |||
Akhmim | Panopolis | |||
Al-Arish | Rhinocolura | |||
Al-Ashumein | Hermopolis | |||
Aswan | Lycopolis | |||
Asyut | Syene | |||
Farama | Pelusium | |||
Luxor | Thebae | |||
Marsa Matruh | Paraetonium | |||
Qift | Coptos |
France
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Avignon | Avenio | ||
Lyon | Ludgunum | ||
Marseille | Massilia | ||
Nice | Nicaea | ||
Paris | Lutetia | ||
Strasbourg | Argentoratum | ||
Toulouse | Tolosa |
Germany
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes | |
Name | Language | |||
Aachen | Aquisgrana | |||
Augsburg | Augusta Vindelicorum | |||
Baden-Baden | Aurelia Aquensis | |||
Berlin | Berolinum | |||
Bonn | Bonna | |||
Castra Bonnensis | ||||
Cologne | Colonia Agrippina | |||
Essen | Navalia | |||
Hamburg | Hamburgum | |||
Kempten | Cambodunum | |||
Konstanz | Constantia | |||
Mainz | Mogontiacum | |||
Passau | Bojodurum | |||
Regensburg | Castra Regina | |||
Speyer | Noviomagus | |||
Trier | Augusta Trevorum | |||
Wiesbaden | Aquae Mattiacorum | |||
Worms | Vormatia |
Greece
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Athens | Athenae | ||
Corinth | Corinthus | ||
Gytheio | Gythium | ||
Heraklion | Heraclium | ||
Karystos | Carystus | ||
Kechries | Cencrheae | ||
Laurium | Laurium | ||
Nafpaktos | Naupactus | ||
Nafplio | Nauplia | ||
Thessaloniki | Thessalonica |
Hungary
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Debrecen | Debrecinum | ||
Dunakeszi | Contra Constantiam | ||
Dunaújváros | Intercisa | ||
Eger | Agria | ||
Esztergom | Solva | ||
Győr | Arrabona | ||
Kőszeg | Ginsium | ||
Mosonmagyaróvár | Ad Flexum | ||
Nagytétény | Campona | ||
Óbuda | Aquincum | ||
Pécs | Sopianae | ||
Pest | Contra Aquincum | ||
Sopron | Scarbantia | ||
Százhalombatta | Matrica | ||
Szeged | Partiscum | ||
Székesfehérvár | Alba Regia | ||
Szekszárd | Alisca | ||
Szentendre | Ulcisia Castra | ||
Szombathely | Savaria | ||
Tác | Gorsium |
Ireland
Hibernia | |||
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Connacht | Connocia | Connacht | |
Hill of Tara | Temro | Teamhair na Ríogh | |
Leinster | Lagenia | Laighin | |
Meath | Midia | Mí | |
Munster | Momonia | Mumhain | |
Ulster | Ultonia | Ulaidh |
Netherlands
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Alphen aan den Rijn | Albania | Alphen aan den Rijn | |
Leiden | Lugdunum Batavorum | Leiden | Meant Katwijk until the Renaissance |
Maastricht | Trajectium Mosae | Maastricht | |
Nijmegen | Ulpia Noviomagus Batavorum | Nijmegen | |
Utrecht | Ultrajectum | Utrecht | |
Valkenburg, South Holland | Praetorium Agrippinae | Valkenburg | |
Vechten | Fectio | Vechten | |
Voorburg | Forum Hadriani | Voorburg | |
Wijk bij Duurstede | Levefanum | Wijk bij Duurstede | |
Woerden | Laur(i)um | Woerden | |
Zwammerdam | Nigrum Pullum | Zwammerdam |
Poland
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Kraków | Cracovia | Kraków | |
Warsaw | Varsovia | Warszawa | |
Wrocław | Vratislavia | Wrocław | |
Świnoujście | Suenemundum | Świnoujście | |
Poznań | Posnania | Poznań |
Portugal
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Azores | Azores | Açores | |
Lisbon | Olisipo | Lisboa |
Romania
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Alba-Iulia | Apullum | ||
Black Sea | Pontus Euxinus | ||
Caransebeș | Tibiscum | ||
Cluj-Napoca | Napoca | ||
Iglița-Turcoaia | Troesmis | ||
Mangalia | Callatis | ||
Turda | Potaissa | ||
Turnu-Severin | Drobeta | ||
Zalău | Porolissum |
Russia
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Moscow | Moscua | Moskva |
Saudi Arabia
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Medina | Jathrippa | Madina | |
Mecca | Macoaraba | Makka |
Serbia
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Belgrade | Singidunum, Belgradum | Beograd | |
Sremska Mitrovica | Sirmium, Civitas Sancti Demetrii | Sremska Mitrovica | |
Niš | Naissus | Niš | |
Gamzigrad | Felix Romuliana | Gamzigrad |
Slovakia
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Bratislava | Istropolis | ||
Posonium | |||
Banská Bystrica | Neosolium | ||
Košice | Cassovia | ||
Prešov | Fragopolis | ||
Trenčín | Laugaricio | ||
Zvolen | Solium |
Spain
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes | |
Name | Language | |||
Alcalá de Henares | Complutum | |||
Alicante | Lucentum | |||
Almería | Urci | |||
Barcelona | Barcino | |||
Cádiz | Gades | |||
Calatayud | Bilbilis | |||
Cartagena | Carthago Nova | |||
Córdoba | Corduba | |||
Girona | Gerunda | |||
Granada | Granata | |||
Huelva | Onuba | |||
Huesca | Osca | |||
Jaca | Jacca | |||
Léon | Legio VII Gemina | |||
Lleida | Ilerda | |||
Lugo | Lucus Augusti | |||
Madrid | Matritum | |||
Matrix | ||||
Mérida | Emerita Augusta | |||
Palma de Mallorca | Palmaria | |||
Salamanca | Salamantica | |||
Seville | Hispalis | |||
Tarragona | Tarraco | |||
Toledo | Toletum | |||
Valencia | Valentia | |||
Zaragoza | Caesar Augusta |
Sweden
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Gävle | Gevalia | Gävle | |
Gothenburg | Gothoburgum | Göteborg | |
Malmö | Malmogia | Malmö | |
Stockholm | Holmia | Stockholm |
Switzerland
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes | |
Name | Language | |||
Bern | Berna | Bern | German | |
Geneva | Genava | Gèneve | French | |
Zürich | Turicum | Zürich | German |
Turkey
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Antakya | Antiochia ad Orontem | Antakya | |
Edirne | Hadrianopolis | Edirne | |
Edremit | Adramyttium | Edremit | |
Ereǧli | Heraclea Cybistra | Ereǧli | |
Erzurum | Theodosiopolis | Erzurum | |
Eskişehir | Dorylaeum | Eskişehir | |
Gaziantep | Antiochia ad Taurum | Gaziantep | |
İstanbul | Byzantium | İstanbul | |
Constantinopolis | |||
Nova Roma | |||
İzmir | Smyrna | İzmir | |
İzmit | Nicomedia | İzmit | |
İznik | Nicaea | İznik | |
Karadeniz Ereğli | Heraclea Pontica | Karadeniz Ereğli | |
Kayseri | Caesarea | Kayseri | |
Konya | Iconium | Konya | |
Kütahya | Cotaeum | Kütahya | |
Malatya | Melitene | Malatya | |
Marmara Ereǧlisi | Heraclea Perinthus | Marmara Ereǧlisi | |
Niksar | Neocaesarea | Niksar |
Ukraine
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes |
Lviv | Leopolis |
United Kingdom
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English name | Latin name | Endonym | Notes | |
Name | Language | |||
Bath | Aquae Sulis | Bath | English | |
Britain | Britannia | Britain | English | |
Canterbury | Durovernum Cantiacorum | Canterbury | English | |
Carlisle | Luguvalium | Carlise | English | |
Chelmsford | Caesaromagus | Chelmsford | English | |
Chester | Deva Victrix | Chester | English | |
Colchester | Camulodunum | Colchester | English | |
Colonia Victricensis | ||||
Cornwall | Cornubria | Kernow | Cornish | |
Dover | Portus Dubris | Dover | English | |
Edinburgh | Edina | Dùn Èideann | Scottish Gaelic | |
Edinburgh | English, Scots | |||
England | Anglia | England | English | |
Gloucester | Glevum | Gloucester | English | |
Colonia Nervia Glevensium | ||||
Isle of Wight | Vectis | Isle of Wight | English | |
Leicester | Ratae Corieltauvorum | Leicester | English | |
Lincoln | Lindum Colonia | Lincoln | English | |
London | Londinium | London | English | |
Manchester | Mamucium | Manchester | English | |
Newcastle upon Tyne | Pons Aelius | Newcastle upon Tyne | English | |
Richborough | Rutupiae | Richborough | English | |
Saint Albans | Verulamium | Saint Albans | English | |
Scotland | Scotia | Alba | Scottish Gaelic | |
Scotland | English, Scots | |||
Wales | Cambria | Cymru | Welsh | |
Winchester | Venta Belgarum | Winchester | English | |
Wroxeter | Viroconium Cornoviorum | Wroxete | English | |
York | Eboracum | York | English |
See also
- v
- t
- e
Exonyms per language
- Afrikaans
- Albanian
- Arabic
- Armenian
- Azerbaijani
- Basque
- Bulgarian
- Catalan
- Chinese
- Cornish
- Croatian
- Czech
- Danish
- Dutch
- English
- Estonian
- Finnish
- French
- German
- Greek
- Hungarian
- Icelandic
- Irish
- Italian
- Japanese
- Latin
- Latvian
- Lithuanian
- Luxembourgish
- Maltese
- Old Norse
- Norwegian
- Portuguese
- Romansh
- Russian
- Scottish Gaelic
- Serbian
- Slovak
- Slovenian
- Spanish
- Swedish
- Turkish
- Ukrainian
- Vietnamese
- Welsh