Empire or Dynasty | Established | Disestablished | Capital(s) | Language(s) | Today part of | Map |
Amvastha Kingdom | 3500 BCE | 315 BCE | Suvrata | Vedic Sanskrit | India, Pakistan | |
Brihadratha dynasty | 1700 BCE | 682 BCE | Girivraja | Vedic Sanskrit | India | |
Gopala Dynasty | 1400 BCE | 841 BCE | Pashupatinath Temple, Gaushala, Kathmandu | Sanskrit | Nepal | |
Pundravardhana Kingdom | 1280 BCE | 345 BCE | Mahasthangarh | Pali, Sanskrit | Bangladesh
India | |
Kuru Kingdom | 1200 BCE | 500 BCE | Āsandīvat, Hastinapura, Indraprastha | Sanskrit | India | |
Anga Kingdom | 1100 BCE | 530 BCE | Champa | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Vidarbha Kingdom | 1100 BCE | 500 BCE | Kaundinyapur | Sanskrit | India | |
Khasa Kingdom | 1100 BCE | 500 BCE | Kedarnath ('Kedare-Khasa-Mandale') | Sanskrit, Prakrit, Khas language | Nepal
India | |
Panchala Kingdom | 1100 BCE | 350 CE | Ahichatra, Kampila | Sanskrit | India
Nepal | |
Mahisapala dynasty | 841 BCE | 679 BCE | Kathmandu | Sanskrit | Nepal
India | |
Gandhara Kingdom | 800 BCE | 535 BCE | Puṣkalavati, Takṣaśilā, Puruṣapura | Sanskrit | Afghanistan
Pakistan | |
Kirata Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 CE | Yalung, Thankot | Kiranti languages, Sanskrit, Pali Prakrit | Nepal
Tibet
Bhutan
China
Pakistan | |
Kingdom of Kosala | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | Shravasti, Ayodhya | Sanskrit | India
Nepal | |
Vajjika League | c. 6th century BCE | c. 468 BCE | Vaishali | Sanskrit | India
Nepal | |
Malla | c. 4th century BCE | c. 7th century | Kusinārā, Pāvā | Prakrit | India
Nepal | |
Matsya Kingdom | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | ViratNagar | Sanskrit | India | |
Surasena Kingdom | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | Mathura | Sanskrit | India | |
Avanti Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Ujjayini | Sanskrit | India | |
Asmaka Kingdom | 700 BCE | 300 BCE | Potali | Sanskrit | India | |
Kingdom of Vatsa | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | Kauśāmbī | Sanskrit | India | |
Shakya | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | Kapilavastu Tilaurakot, Nepal | Sanskrit, Pali | Nepal
India | |
Kingdom of Kashi | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | Banaras | Sanskrit | India | |
Chedi Kingdom | 700 BCE | 345 BCE | Suktimati | Sanskrit | India | |
Heheya Kingdom | | | Mahishmati | Sanskrit | India | |
Pradyota dynasty | 682 BCE | 544 BCE | Rajagriha | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Nepal | |
Haryanka Dynasty | 554 BCE | 413 BCE | Rajagriha, Pataliputra | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Nepal | |
Ror dynasty | 450 BCE | 489 CE | Aror | Sanskrit | Pakistan | |
Shishunaga Empire | 413 BCE | 345 BCE | Rajgir, Vaishali, Pataliputra | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Nepal | |
Paurava dynasty[1] | 400 BCE | 301 BCE | Sagala, Mathura | Sanskrit | India
Pakistan | |
Malava Empire | 350 BCE | 650 CE | Vidisha | Sanskrit | India | |
Nanda Empire | 345 BCE | 322 BCE | Pataliputra | Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Pakistan | |
Mauryan Empire | 322 BCE | 184 BCE | Pataliputra | Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Myanmar
Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Iran
Tajikistan
Nepal
Bhutan
Pakistan | |
Chera Dynasty | 300 BCE | 1102 CE | Karur, Kodungallur, Kollam | Tamil | India | |
Chola Empire | 300 BCE | 1279 CE | Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Pazhaiyaarai | Tamil | India
Sri Lanka Maldives | |
Pandyan Empire | 300 BCE | 1345 CE | Korkai, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vizhinjam | Tamil | India
Sri Lanka | |
Gangaridai Kingdom | 300 BCE | 200 CE | - | - | Bangladesh
Bhutan
India | |
Mahameghavahana dynasty | 225 BCE | 300 CE | Kalinga | Sanskrit | India | |
Kuninda Kingdom | 2nd century BCE | 3rd century CE | southern areas of modern Himachal Pradesh | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Shunga Empire | 185 BCE | 75 BCE | Pataliputra, Vidisha | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Bangladesh
Nepal
Bhutan | |
Kingdom of Samatata | 180 BCE | 335 | - | - | Bangladesh
India | |
Deva Dynasty of Saketa | 150 BCE | 10 BCE | Ayodhya | Sanskrit | India | |
Satavahana Empire | 100 BCE | 225 CE | Pratishthana, Amaravati | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Kanva Dynasty | 75 BCE | 30 BCE | Pataliputra or Vidisha | Sanskrit | India | |
Northern Satrap Dynasty | 60 BCE | 150 CE | Sagala, Mathura | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Pakistan | |
Chutu dynasty | 30 BCE | 280 CE | Banavasi | Prakrit | India | |
Suren Kingdom | 19 CE | 225 CE | Takṣaśilā, Kabul | Pali, Parthian, Sanskrit, Greek | Afghanistan
Pakistan India | |
Kushan Empire | 30 CE | 375 CE | Puruṣapura, Takṣaśilā,Mathura | Greek, Bactrian,Gandhari Prakrit, Hybrid Sanskrit | India Pakistan Afghanistan Kyrgyzstan Tajikistan Uzbekistan Tibet Iran
East Turkestan
China | |
Kshaharata Empire | 35 CE | 405 CE | Ujjain, Barygaza | Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Pakistan | |
Funan Empire | 50 CE | 550 CE | Vyadhapura | Khmer, Sanskrit | Laos
Cambodia
Thailand
Vietnam
Myanmar | |
Nagvanshi Dynasty | 94 CE | 1952 CE | Khukhragarh, Navratangarh | Prakrit, Nagpuri | India | |
Parataraja Kingdom | 125 CE | 300 CE | Loralai | Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Scythian | Pakistan
Afghanistan | |
Salakanagara Kingdom | 130 CE | 362 CE | - | Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Langkasuka Kingdom | 150 CE | 1475 CE | - | Malay | Malaysia
Thailand | |
Kingdom of Gangga Negara | 150 CE | 1025 CE | Beruas | Malay | Malaysia | |
Kingdom of Champa | 192 CE | 1832 CE | Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga | Chamic languages, Sanskrit | Vietnam
Laos
Cambodia | |
Andhra Ikshvaku Dynasty | 200 CE | 275 CE | Vijayapuri (Nagarjunakonda) | Prakrit, Sanskrit, Telugu | India | |
Abhira dynasty | 203 CE | 370 CE | Anjaneri, Thalner, Prakashe, Bhamer, Asirgarh | Ahirani, Apabhraṃśa Sanskrit | India | |
Bharashiva Dynasty | 205 CE | 335 CE | Padmavati | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Soma Dynasty | 205 CE | 305 CE | Kathmandu | Sanskrit | Nepal | |
Gupta Empire | 240 CE | 550 CE | Pataliputra | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Bangladesh
Pakistan
Nepal
Afghanistan | |
Kalabhra Empire | 250 CE | 600 CE | Kaveripumpattinam, Madurai | Prakrit, Tamil, Sanskrit | India | |
Paurava Dynasty (reinstated)[2] | c. 4th century CE | c. 7th century CE | Brahmapur | Sanskrit | India | |
Pallava Empire | 275 CE | 897 CE | Kanchipuram | Tamil, Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Licchavi dynasty | 305 CE | 1200 CE | Kathmandu | Bajjika, Sanskrit | Nepal
India
Bhutan | |
Kataha | 330 CE | 1136 CE | Kataha | Old Malay, Sanskrit | Malaysia | |
Kadamba Empire | 345 CE | 525 CE | Banavasi | Kannada, Sanskrit | India | |
Kingdom of Malwa (350–545) | 350 CE | 550 CE | Mandsaur | Sanskrit | India | |
Western Ganga Dynasty | 350 CE | 575 CE | Talakadu, Kolar | Kannada, Sanskrit | India | |
Kamarupa Kingdom | 350 CE | 1140 CE | Pragjyotishpura, Haruppeswara, Durjaya | Assamese, Prakrit, Sanskrit | India
Bhutan
Bangladesh
Myanmar | |
Tarumanagara Kingdom | 358 CE | 669 CE | Sundapura | Sundanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Kutai Martadipura | 399 CE | 1635 CE | Muara Kaman | Sanskrit, probably old version of Kutainese language | Indonesia | |
Vishnukundina Dynasty | 420 CE | 624 CE | Nalgonda, Eluru, Amaravati | Sanskrit, Prakrit, Telugu | India | |
Sharabhapuriya Dynasty | 465 CE | 590 CE | Sharabhapura | Sanskrit | India | |
Kingdom of Valabhi | 475 CE | 776 CE | Vallabhi | Apabhramsa, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Sauraseni | India | |
Kingdom of Thanesar | 500 | 606 | Kanyakubja | Sanskrit | India
Pakistan | |
Nala Kingdom | 515 | 585 | Pushkari | Sanskrit | India | |
Rai Dynasty | 524 | 632 | Aror | Sanskrit | Pakistan | |
Chalukya Dynasty | 543 | 753 | Badami | Kannada, Sanskrit | India | |
Kalachuri Dynasty | 550 | 620 | Mahishmati | Sanskrit | India | |
Chenla Empire | 550 | 802 | Shrestapura, Bhavapura, Isanapura, Shambhupura | Khmer, Sanskrit | Cambodia
Thailand
Laos
Vietnam | |
Chahamana Dynasty | 550 | 1194 | Shakambhari | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Kingdom of Kannauj | 550 | 1036 | Kannauj | Sanskrit | India | |
Kalingga Kingdom | 550 | 650 | - | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Gauda Kingdom | 590 | 626 | Karnasuvarna | - | India
Bangladesh | |
Panduvamshi Dynasty | 600 | 790 | Shripura | Sanskrit | India | |
Eastern Chalukya Empire | 624 | 1189 | Vengi, Rajahmundry | Sanskrit, Telugu | India | |
Karkota Empire | 625 | 885 | Srinagar, Parihaspore | Sanskrit | India
Pakistan
Afghanistan
Bangladesh | |
Brahman Dynasty of Sindh | 632 | 724 | Aror | Sanskrit | India Pakistan | |
Srivijaya Empire | 650 | 1377 | Palembang, Chaiya, Jambi | Old Malay, Sanskrit | Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Thailand
Cambodia
Philippines
Vietnam
Brunei
Taiwan | |
Shailendra Dynasty | 650 | 1025 | Kedu Plain | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Galuh Kingdom | 669 | 1482 | Kawali | Sundanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Sunda Kingdom | 669 | 1579 | Kawali, Pakuan Pajajaran | Sundanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Kalachuri Tripuri Dynasty | 675 | 1212 | Tripuri | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Garhwal Kingdom | 688 CE | 1949 CE | Srinagar, Uttarakhand Tehri Narendranagar | Garhwali, Jaunsari, Sanskrit | India | |
Chavda Dynasty | 690 | 942 | Panchasar, Aṇahilaváḍa | Prakrit | India | |
Mallabhum Kingdom | 694 | 1800 | Laugram, Pradyumnapur, Bishnupur | Sanskrit, Prakrit | India
Bangladesh | |
Katyuri kings (Karttikeyapur) | 700 CE | 1065 CE | Joshimath later shifted to Baijnath, Uttarakhand | Khas, Sanskrit, Prakrit | India
Nepal | |
Chand kings | 700 CE | 1790 CE | Champawat | Kumaoni, Dotyali, Nepali | India
Nepal
Tibet | |
Limbuwan | 7th Century CE | 1774 | Morang, Bijaypur | Limbu, Lepcha | Nepal
India
Bhutan | |
Gurjaratra | 730 | 816 | Kannauj | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India Afghanistan
Pakistan | |
Mataram Kingdom | 732 | 1006 | Mamratipura | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Saindhava Dynasty | 735 | 920 | Bhutamabilika | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Tomara Dynasty | 736 | 1151 | Delhi | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Pala Empire | 750 | 1199 | Bikrampur, Pataliputra, Gauda, Monghyr, Somapura, Mahipal, Ramavati | Prakrit, Sanskrit | Bangladesh
India
Nepal
Pakistan | |
Haripunjaya Kingdom | 750 | 1292 | Lamphun | Thai | Thailand | |
Rashtrakuta Empire | 753 | 982 | Manyakheta | Kannada, Sanskrit | India | |
Khmer Empire | 802 | 1431 | Mahendraparvata, Hariharalaya, Koh Ker, Yasodharapura | Khmer, Sanskrit | Cambodia
Laos
Myanmar
Thailand
Vietnam | |
Chudasama Dynasty | 825 | 1472 | Vamanasthali, Junagadh | Old Gujarati, Prakrit | India | |
Later Chola Empire | 848 | 1279 | Pazhaiyaarai, Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram | Tamil | India
Bangladesh
Sri Lanka
Maldives
Indonesia
Singapore
Malaysia
Thailand
Myanmar | |
Somavamshi Dynasty | 850 | 1150 | Yayatinagara | Sanskrit | India | |
Yadava Dynasty | 850 | 1334 | Devagiri | Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit | India | |
Utpala Dynasty | 855 | 1003 | Avantipur | Sanskrit | India
Afghanistan
Pakistan | |
Hindu Shahi Dynasty | 879 | 1026 | Kabul | Sanskrit | Pakistan
Afghanistan
India | |
Kingdom of Malwa | 900 | 1305 | Dhar | Prakrit, Sanskrit | India | |
Bali Kingdom | 914 | 1908 | Bedulu, Samprangan, Gelgel, Klungkung | Kawi, Balinese | Indonesia | |
Pagan Empire | 940 | 1297 | Pagan | Burmese, Mon, Pyu | Myanmar | |
Khasa Malla kingdom | 954 | 1450 | Sinja Valley, Nepal | Khas, Sanskrit, Dotyali | Nepal
India
Tibet | |
Western Chalukya Empire | 973 | 1189 | Manyakheta, Basavakalyan | Kannada, Sanskrit | India | |
Rajahnate of Butuan | 1001 | 1756 | Butuan | Butuanon, Old Malay | Philippines | |
Lohara Dynasty | 1003 | 1320 | Srinagar | Sanskrit | India
Afghanistan
Pakistan | |
Rajanate of Sanmalan | 1011 | 1405 | Zamboanga City | Tamil | Philippines | |
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa | 1017 | 1310 | Polonnaruwa | Pali, Sanskrit | India | |
Kahuripan Kingdom | 1019 | 1045 | Kahuripan | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Hoysala Empire | 1026 | 1343 | Halebidu, Belur | Kannada, Sanskrit | India | |
Janggala Kingdom | 1045 | 1136 | Hujung Galuh | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Kediri Kingdom | 1045 | 1221 | Kadiri | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Sena Dynasty | 1070 | 1230 | Nabadwip | Sanskrit | Bangladesh
India | |
Eastern Ganga Empire | 1078 | 1434 | Dantapura, Kalinganagara, Kataka | Sanskrit | India | |
Gahadavala Dynasty | 1080 | 1194 | Varanasi, Kanyakubja | Sanskrit | India | |
Dimasa Kingdom | 1087 | 1832 | Dimapur, Maibang, Khaspur | Dimasa | India | |
Karnat Dynasty | 1097 | 1324 | Simraungadh | Maithili, Sanskrit | Nepal
India | |
Chero dynasty | 12th CE | 18th CE | | Bhojpuri, Nagpuri | India | |
Sambhuvaraya Dynasty | 1150 | 1375 | Rajagambhiram, Padaveedu | Sanskrit, Tamil | India | |
Vanni Nadu Dynasty | 1150 | 1803 | Vanni | Tamil | Sri Lanka | |
Deva Dynasty | 1156 | 1250 | Bikrampur | Bengali, Sanskrit | Bangladesh
India | |
Kakatiya Dynasty | 1163 | 1323 | Orugallu | Sanskrit, Telugu | India | |
Khen Dynasty | 1185 | 1498 | Kamarupanagara, Kamatapura | Assamese, Kamtapuri | India
Myanmar | |
Sutiya Kingdom | 1187 | 1673 | Swarnagiri, Ratnapur, Sadiya | Assamese, Sanskrit | India | |
Malla Dynasty | 1200 | 1768 | Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Patan, Nepal | Newari, Nepali, Sanskrit, Maithili | Nepal | |
Doti Rainka kingdom | 13th century | 1790 | Dipayal Silgadhi, Nepal | Dotyali, Khas, Sanskrit, Kumaoni | Nepal
India
Tibet | |
Jaffna Kingdom | 1215 | 1624 | Nallur | Tamil | Sri Lanka | |
Singhasari Kingdom | 1222 | 1292 | Tumapel | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia | |
Ahom Kingdom | 1228 | 1826 | Charaideo, Garhgaon, Rangpur, Jorhat | Assamese, Tai-Ahom | India
Myanmar | |
Sambhuvaraya Dynasty | 1236 | 1375 | Rajagambhiram, Padaveedu | Tamil, Sanskrit | India | |
Yajvapala Dynasty | 1237 | 1289 | Nalapura | - | India | |
Vaghela Dynasty | 1244 | 1304 | Dholka | Apabhramsa, Old Gujarati, Prakrit | India | |
Rajahnate of Cebu | 1250 | 1565 | Singhapala | Cebuano, Old Malay, Middle Tamil | Philippines | |
Narayangarh Raj | 1264 | 1947 | Midnapore district | Bengali Language | India | |
Majapahit Empire | 1293 | 1527 | Majapahit, Wilwatikta | Old Javanese, Sanskrit | Indonesia
Malaysia
Singapore
Brunei
Thailand
Timor Leste
Philippines
Australia | |
Sena Dynasty (Nepal) | 13th Century CE | 18th Century CE | Makwanpurgadhi, Chaudandi, Palpa | Nepali, Maithili Language, Khas, Bengali, Sanskrit | Nepal
India | |
Reddy Dynasty | 1325 | 1448 | Addanki, Kondavidu, Rajahmundry | Telugu, Sanskrit | India | |
Musunuri Nayakas | 1150 | 1369 | Warangal | Telugu, Sanskrit | India | |
Vijayanagara Empire | 1336 | 1646 | Vijayanagara, Penukonda, Chandragiri | Kannada, Sanskrit, Telugu | India | |
Oiniwar Dynasty | 1353 | 1526 | Madhubani | Maithili language | India | |
Kallala dynasty | 1404 | 1789 | Sinja Valley | Khas language, Nepali, Sanskrit | Nepal
India | |
Gajapati Kingdom | 1434 | 1541 | Cuttack | Odia | India | |
Bhoi dynasty | 1541 | 1947 | Cuttack, Puri, Khurda | Odia | India | |
Koch Dynasty | 1515 | 1949 | Chikana, Kamatapur | Kamtapuri, Assamese, Bengali, Sanskrit | India | |
Madurai Nayak Dynasty | 1529 | 1736 | Madurai, Tiruchirapalli | Telugu, Tamil, Sanskrit | India | |
Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom | 1532 | 1673 | Thanjavur | Telugu, Tamil, Sanskrit | India | |
Gorkha Kingdom | 1559 | 1768 | Gorkha Darbar | Nepali | Nepal | |
Raj Darbhanga | 1577 | 1947 | Darbhanga | Maithili | India | |
Midnapore Raj | 1568 | 1812 | Medinipur | Bengali Language | India | |
Maratha Empire | 1674 | 1818 | Raigad, Gingee, Satara, Pune | Marathi, Sanskrit | India
Pakistan | Maratha Empire |
Pudukkottai Kingdom | 1680 | 1800 | Pudukkottai | Tamil | India |
Sivaganga Kingdom | 1725 | 1733 | Sivaganga | Tamil | India | |
Kingdom of Nepal | 1768 | 2008 | Kathmandu | Nepali, Sanskrit | Nepal
India
China
Bangladesh | |
Jammu and Kashmir | 1846 | 1952 | Jammu | Dogri | India
Pakistan
China | |