Refik Saydam
- Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
- Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
- You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Turkish Wikipedia article at [[:tr:Refik Saydam]]; see its history for attribution.
- You may also add the template
{{Translated|tr|Refik Saydam}}
to the talk page. - For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
Dr. Refik Saydam | |
---|---|
![]() Saydam in 1939 | |
4th Prime Minister of Turkey | |
In office 25 January 1939 – 8 July 1942 | |
President | İsmet İnönü |
Preceded by | Celâl Bayar |
Succeeded by | Ahmet Fikri Tüzer |
Minister of Interior | |
In office 11 November 1938 – 25 January 1939 | |
Prime Minister | Celâl Bayar |
Preceded by | Mehmet Cemil Uybadın |
Succeeded by | Mehmet Faik Öztrak |
Minister of Health | |
In office 4 March 1925 – 25 October 1937 | |
Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
Preceded by | Mazhar Germen |
Succeeded by | Ahmet Hulusi Alataş |
In office 30 October 1923 – 21 November 1924 | |
Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
Preceded by | Rıza Nur |
Succeeded by | Mazhar Germen |
In office 10 March 1921 – 20 December 1921 | |
Prime Minister | Fevzi Çakmak |
Preceded by | Adnan Adıvar |
Succeeded by | Rıza Nur |
Minister of National Education | |
In office 13 August 1933 – 26 October 1933 | |
Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
Preceded by | Reşit Galip |
Succeeded by | Yusuf Hikmet Bayur |
In office 17 September 1930 – 26 September 1930 | |
Prime Minister | İsmet İnönü |
Preceded by | Cemal Hüsnü Taray |
Succeeded by | Esat Sagay |
Member of the Grand National Assembly | |
In office 28 June 1923 – 8 July 1942 | |
Constituency | Istanbul (1923, 1927, 1931, 1935, 1939) |
Personal details | |
Born | İbrahim Refik (1881-09-08)8 September 1881 Constantinople, Ottoman Empire |
Died | 8 July 1942(1942-07-08) (aged 60) Istanbul, Turkey |
Nationality | Turkish |
Political party | Republican People's Party (CHP) |
Alma mater | Gülhane Military Medical Academy |
Profession | Physician |
Signature | ![]() |
İbrahim Refik Saydam (8 September 1881 – 8 July 1942) was a Turkish physician, politician and the fourth Prime Minister of Turkey, serving from 25 January 1939 until his death on 8 July 1942.[1]
Biography
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Refik_Saydam%2C_Cebeci_Asri_Mezarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_-_2023_Temmuz.jpg/220px-Refik_Saydam%2C_Cebeci_Asri_Mezarl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1_-_2023_Temmuz.jpg)
Saydam was born in Istanbul in 1881 as the son of Hacı Ahmet Efendi of Çankırı. After completing primary and secondary education in Fatih Military Junior High School, he entered to Military School of Medicine in 1899. He went on a training course at Gülhane as of graduating with the rank of doctor captain on 4 November 1905. He was assigned as a doctor at Maltepe Military Hospital and Feshane Factory between the years 1907-1910 and improved his expertise in military camps and hospitals by being sent to Germany in 1910.
He was a medic in the Ottoman Army during the dissolution of the empire. He created a medicine to cure typhus, which was used largely by the Central Powers.
Saydam was one of the key people of the Independence War. He landed at Samsun with Mustafa Kemal (later named: Atatürk) in 1919 to start the resistance in Anatolia. He was known as a reformist while he was the Prime Minister. Just three years after his death, the one-party period came to an end in Turkey.
Political life
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Refik_Bey_Saydam.jpg/150px-Refik_Bey_Saydam.jpg)
Saydam became the vice-president of the Department of Health of the Ministry of War on 1 December 1913 and was promoted to the rank of major on 1 June 1915. Meanwhile, he established the Institute of Bacteriology and his vaccines against epidemics and especially typhus had been effective. After the truce, he assigned to the order of 9th Army Inspectorship and passed to Anatolia along with Mustafa Kemal as the health inspector of the army, soon named as the 3rd Army Inspectorship, on 15 May 1919. He attended to Erzurum and Sivas Congresses, came to Ankara with the delegation committee and joined to the opening ceremony of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey with the elections held for the first term as the deputy of Bayazıt on 23 April 1920. He was elected as the Minister of Health in the Council of Ministers under the presidency of Fevzi Pasha, as the Minister of Health and Social Relief upon the resignation of Adnan, and resigned from ministry suggesting his sickness on 14 December 1921.
Being elected as İstanbul deputy, he officiated as the Minister of Health under the cabinet of İsmet Pasha in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th sessions.
After the death of Atatürk, at the Second Bayar Government formed on 11 November 1938, Saydam performed as the Minister of Interior and was assigned as the general secretary of the Republican People's Party. He was appointed to Prime Ministry of the 11th and 12th government of Turkey by President İsmet İnönü as İstanbul Deputy at the 6th session elections on 25 January 1939.
During this duty, he died in İstanbul on 8 July 1942 and was buried in Ankara.
Endeavoring to extend the health services and establishing health facilities, especially the Hıfzıssıha Foundation which is today known with his name, at the period of his health ministry, he also tried to protect the nation from the negative impacts of World War II during the period of prime ministry. He was never married.
- Ismet Inonu and Refik Saydam, 1939
See also
References
- ^ "Prime Ministers of the Turkish Republic", All about Turkey
Sources
- Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the General Directorate of Cultural Heritages and Museums
External links
- Refik Saydam Hıfzısıhha Center
- Newspaper clippings about Refik Saydam in the 20th Century Press Archives of the ZBW
Political offices | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by | Minister of Health 10 March 1921 – 20 December 1921 | Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Minister of Health 30 October 1923 – 21 November 1924 | Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Minister of Health 4 March 1925 – 25 October 1937 | Succeeded by Ahmet Hulusi Alataş |
Preceded by Cemal Hüsnü Taray | Minister of National Education 17 September 1930 – 26 September 1930 | Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Minister of National Education 13 August 1933 – 26 October 1933 | Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Minister of the Interior 11 November 1938 – 25 January 1939 | Succeeded by |
Preceded by | Prime Minister of Turkey 25 January 1939 – 8 July 1942 | Succeeded by |
- v
- t
- e
National Assembly
(1920–1923)
(1923–2018)
- İsmet İnönü
- Fethi Okyar
- İsmet İnönü
- Celâl Bayar
- Refik Saydam
- Ahmet Fikri Tüzer
- Şükrü Saracoğlu
- Recep Peker
- Hasan Saka
- Şemsettin Günaltay
- Adnan Menderes
- Cemal Gürsel
- Fahri Özdilek
- İsmet İnönü
- Suat Hayri Ürgüplü
- Süleyman Demirel
- Nihat Erim
- Ferit Melen
- Naim Talu
- Bülent Ecevit
- Sadi Irmak
- Süleyman Demirel
- Bülent Ecevit
- Süleyman Demirel
- Bülent Ecevit
- Süleyman Demirel
- Bülent Ulusu
- Turgut Özal
- Ali Bozer
- Yıldırım Akbulut
- Mesut Yılmaz
- Süleyman Demirel
- Erdal İnönü
- Tansu Çiller
- Mesut Yılmaz
- Necmettin Erbakan
- Mesut Yılmaz
- Bülent Ecevit
- Abdullah Gül
- Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
- Ahmet Davutoğlu
- Binali Yıldırım