Reveal system
20th century system of plant classification
A 20th-century system of plant taxonomy, the Reveal system (see also the Thorne & Reveal system[1][2]) of plant classification was drawn up by the American botanist James Reveal (1941-2015). The system was published online in 1997 in ten parts[3] as lecture notes comparing the major systems in use at that time.[4] Subsequently, Reveal became an author with the consensus Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) on the APG II 2003[5] and APG III 2009[6][7] processes. Although this largely supplanted the earlier and competing systems, he collaborated with Robert Thorne on his system (2007),[2] and subsequently continued to develop his own system.[1][8]
1997 system
- division Magnoliophyta [= angiosperms]
- class Magnoliopsida
- subclass Magnoliidae
- class Piperopsida
- subclass Piperidae
- subclass Nymphaeidae
- subclass Nelumbonidae
- class Liliopsida [= monocots]
- subclass Triurididae
- subclass Aridae
- subclass Liliidae
- subclass Arecidae
- subclass Commelinidae
- subclass Zingiberidae
- class Ranunculopsida
- subclass Ranunculidae
- class Rosopsida
- class Magnoliopsida
In more detail:
- division 6. Magnoliophyta
- class 1. Magnoliopsida
- subclass 1. Magnoliidae
- superorder 1. Magnolianae
- order 1. Winterales
- family 1. Winteraceae
- order 2. Canellales
- family 1. Canellaceae
- order 3. Illiciales
- family 1. Illiciaceae
- family 2. Schisandraceae
- order 4. Magnoliales
- family 1. Degeneriaceae
- family 2. Himantandraceae
- family 3. Magnoliaceae
- order 5. Eupomatiales
- family 1. Eupomatiaceae
- order 6. Annonales
- family 1. Annonaceae
- order 7. Myristicales
- family 1. Myristicaceae
- order 8. Austrobaileyales
- family 1. Austrobaileyaceae
- order 1. Winterales
- superorder 2. Lauranae
- order 1. Laurales
- family 1. Amborellaceae
- family 2. Trimeniaceae
- family 3. Monimiaceae
- family 4. Gomortegaceae
- family 5. Hernandiaceae
- family 6. Lauraceae
- order 2. Calycanthales
- family 1. Calycanthaceae
- family 2. Idiospermaceae (now part of Calycantaceae)
- order 3. Chloranthales
- family 1. Chloranthaceae
- order 1. Laurales
- superorder 1. Magnolianae
- subclass 1. Magnoliidae
- class 2. Piperopsida
- subclass 1. Piperidae
- superorder 1. Piperanae
- order 1. Piperales
- family 1. Saururaceae
- family 2. Piperaceae
- order 1. Piperales
- superorder 2. Lactoridanae
- order 1. Lactoridales
- family 1. Lactoridaceae
- order 2. Aristolochiales
- family 1. Aristolochiaceae
- order 1. Lactoridales
- superorder 3. Rafflesianae
- order 1. Hydnorales
- family 1. Hydnoraceae
- order 2. Rafflesiales
- family 1. Apodanthaceae
- family 2. Mitrastemonaceae
- family 3. Rafflesiaceae
- family 4. Cytinaceae
- order 1. Hydnorales
- superorder 4. Balanophoranae
- order 1. Cynomoriales
- family 1. Cynomoriaceae
- order 2. Balanophorales
- family 1. Mystropetalaceae
- family 2. Dactylanthaceae
- family 3. Lophophytaceae
- family 4. Sarcophytaceae
- family 5. Scybaliaceae
- family 6. Heloseaceae
- family 7. Langsdorffiaceae
- family 8. Balanophoraceae
- order 1. Cynomoriales
- superorder 1. Piperanae
- subclass 2. Nymphaeidae
- superorder 1. Nymphaeanae
- order 1. Nymphaeales
- family 1. Nymphaeaceae
- family 2. Barclayaceae
- order 1. Nymphaeales
- superorder 1. Nymphaeanae
- subclass 3. Nelumbonidae
- superorder 1. Nelumbonanae
- order 1. Nelumbonales
- family 1. Nelumbonaceae
- order 2. Hydropeltidales
- family 1. Hydropeltidaceae
- family 2. Cabombaceae
- order 1. Nelumbonales
- superorder 2. Ceratophyllanae
- order 1. Ceratophyllales
- family 1. Ceratophyllaceae
- order 1. Ceratophyllales
- superorder 1. Nelumbonanae
- subclass 1. Piperidae
- class 3. Liliopsida
- subclass 1. Alismatidae
- superorder 1. Butomanae
- order 1. Butomales
- family 1. Butomaceae
- order 1. Butomales
- superorder 2. Alismatanae
- order 1. Alismatales
- family 1. Limnocharitaceae
- family 2. Alismataceae
- order 2. Hydrocharitales
- family 1. Hydrocharitaceae
- order 3. Aponogetonales
- family 1. Aponogetonaceae
- order 4. Najadales
- family 1. Najadaceae
- order 5. Juncaginales
- family 1. Scheuchzeriaceae
- family 2. Juncaginaceae
- order 6. Potamogetonales
- family 1. Potamogetonaceae
- family 2. Ruppiaceae
- family 3. Zannichelliaceae
- family 4. Zosteraceae
- family 5. Posidoniaceae
- family 6. Cymodoceaceae
- order 1. Alismatales
- superorder 1. Butomanae
- subclass 2. Triurididae
- superorder 1. Triuridanae
- order 1. Triuridales
- family 1. Triuridaceae
- order 1. Triuridales
- superorder 1. Triuridanae
- subclass 3. Aridae
- superorder 1. Acoranae
- superorder 2. Aranae
- superorder 3. Cyclanthanae
- order 1. Cyclanthales
- family 1. Cyclanthaceae
- order 1. Cyclanthales
- superorder 4. Pandananae
- order 1. Pandanales
- family 1. Pandanaceae
- order 1. Pandanales
- subclass 4. Liliidae
- order 1. Lilianae
- order 1. Tofieldiales
- family 1. Tofieldiaceae
- order 2. Dioscoreales
- family 1. Trichopodaceae
- family 2. Stenomeridaceae
- family 3. Avetraceae
- family 4. Dioscoreaceae
- family 5. Stemonaceae
- family 6. Croomiaceae
- family 7. Pentastemonaceae
- family 8. Taccaceae
- order 3. Smilacales
- family 1. Ripogonaceae
- family 2. Smilacaceae
- family 3. Petermanniaceae
- order 4. Nartheciales
- family 1. Nartheciaceae
- order 5. Petrosaviales
- family 1. Petrosaviaceae
- order 6. Melanthiales
- family 1. Chionographidaceae
- family 2. Heloniadaceae
- family 3. Xerophyllaceae
- family 4. Melanthiaceae
- family 5. Japonoliriaceae
- family 6. Campynemataceae
- order 7. Trilliales
- family 1. Trilliaceae
- order 8. Alstroemeriales
- family 1. Alstroemeriaceae
- order 9. Colchicales
- family 1. Burchardiaceae
- family 2. Colchicaceae
- family 3. Tricyrtidaceae
- family 4. Uvulariaceae
- family 5. Scoliopaceae
- family 6. Calochortaceae
- order 10. Liliales
- family 1. Liliaceae
- family 2. Medeolaceae
- order 11. Hypoxidales
- family 1. Hypoxidaceae
- order 12. Orchidales
- family 1. Orchidaceae
- order 13. Tecophilaeales
- family 1. Lanariaceae
- family 2. Ixioliriaceae
- family 3. Walleriaceae
- family 4. Tecophilaeaceae
- family 5. Cyanastraceae
- family 6. Eriospermaceae
- order 14. Iridales
- family 1. Iridaceae
- order 15. Burmanniales
- family 1. Burmanniaceae
- family 2. Corsiaceae
- order 16. Amaryllidales
- family 1. Hyacinthaceae
- family 2. Themidaceae
- family 3. Alliaceae
- family 4. Hesperocallidaceae
- family 5. Amaryllidaceae
- order 17. Asparagales
- family 2. Convallariaceae
- family 3. Ophiopogonaceae
- family 4. Asparagaceae
- order 18. Asteliales
- family 1. Dracaenaceae
- family 2. Ruscaceae
- family 3. Nolinaceae
- family 4. Asteliaceae
- family 6. Geitonoplesiaceae
- family 7. Luzuriagaceae
- family 8. Philesiaceae
- order 19. Hanguanales
- family 1. Hanguanaceae
- order 20. Agavales
- family 1. Dasypogonaceae
- family 2. Calectasiaceae
- family 3. Hemerocallidaceae
- family 4. Blandfordiaceae
- family 5. Xanthorrhoeaceae
- family 6. Agavaceae
- family 7. Anthericaceae
- family 8. Laxmanniaceae
- family 9. Herreriaceae
- family 10. Phormiaceae
- family 11. Johnsoniaceae
- family 12. Doryanthaceae
- family 13. Asphodelaceae
- family 14. Aloaceae
- family 15. Aphyllanthaceae
- family 16. Hostaceae
- subclass 5. Arecidae
- subclass 6. Commelinidae
- superorder 1. Bromelianae
- order 1. Bromeliales
- family 1. Bromeliaceae
- order 2. Velloziales
- family 1. Velloziaceae
- order 1. Bromeliales
- superorder 2. Pontederianae
- order 1. Haemodorales
- family 1. Haemodoraceae
- order 2. Philydrales
- family 1. Philydraceae
- order 3. Pontederiales
- family 1. Pontederiaceae
- order 1. Haemodorales
- superorder 3. Commelinanae
- order 1. Xyridales
- family 1. Rapateaceae
- family 2. Xyridaceae
- family 3. Mayacaceae
- order 2. Commelinales
- family 1. Commelinaceae
- order 3. Eriocaulales
- family 1. Eriocaulaceae
- order 1. Xyridales
- superorder 4. Hydatellanae
- order 1. Hydatellales
- family 1. Hydatellaceae
- order 1. Hydatellales
- superorder 5. Typhanae
- order 1. Typhales
- family 1. Typhaceae
- family 2. Sparganiaceae
- order 1. Typhales
- superorder 6. Juncanae
- order 1. Juncales
- family 1. Juncaceae
- family 2. Thurniaceae
- order 2. Cyperales
- family 1. Cyperaceae
- order 3. Flagellariales
- order 4. Restionales
- family 1. Flagellariaceae
- family 2. Joinvilleaceae
- family 3. Restionaceae
- family 4. Anarthriaceae
- family 5. Ecdeiocoleaceae
- family 6. Centrolepidaceae
- order 5. Poales
- family 1. Poaceae
- order 1. Juncales
- superorder 1. Bromelianae
- subclass 7. Zingiberidae
- superorder 1. Zingiberanae
- order 1. Zingiberales
- family 1. Strelitziaceae
- family 2. Heliconiaceae
- family 3. Musaceae
- family 4. Lowiaceae
- family 5. Zingiberaceae
- family 6. Costaceae
- family 7. Cannaceae
- family 8. Marantaceae
- order 1. Zingiberales
- superorder 1. Zingiberanae
- subclass 1. Alismatidae
- class 4. Ranunculopsida
- subclass 1. Ranunculidae
- superorder 1. Ranunculanae
- order 1. Lardizabalales
- family 1. Lardizabalaceae
- family 2. Sargentodoxaceae
- family 3. Decaisneaceae
- order 2. Menispermales
- family 1. Menispermaceae
- order 3. Berberidales
- family 1. Nandinaceae
- family 2. Berberidaceae
- family 3. Ranzaniaceae
- family 4. Podophyllaceae
- family 5. Leonticaceae
- order 4. Ranunculales
- family 1. Hydrastidaceae
- family 2. Ranunculaceae
- order 5. Circaeasterales
- family 1. Kingdoniaceae
- family 2. Circaeasteraceae
- order 6. Glaucidiales
- family 1. Glaucidiaceae
- order 7. Paeoniales
- family 1. Paeoniaceae
- order 8. Papaverales
- family 1. Pteridophyllaceae
- family 2. Papaveraceae
- order 1. Lardizabalales
- superorder 1. Ranunculanae
- subclass 1. Ranunculidae
- class 5. Rosopsida
- subclass 1. Caryophyllidae
- superorder 1. Caryophyllanae
- order 1. Caryophyllales
- family 1. Achatocarpaceae
- family 2. Portulacaceae
- family 3. Hectorellaceae
- family 4. Basellaceae
- family 5. Didiereaceae
- family 6. Cactaceae
- family 7. Stegnospermataceae
- family 8. Phytolaccaceae
- family 9. Petiveriaceae
- family 10. Gisekiaceae
- family 11. Agdestidaceae
- family 12. Barbeuiaceae
- family 13. Nyctaginaceae
- family 14. Sarcobataceae
- family 15. Aizoaceae
- family 16. Sesuviaceae
- family 17. Tetragoniaceae
- family 18. Halophytaceae
- family 19. Molluginaceae
- family 20. Chenopodiaceae
- family 21. Amaranthaceae
- family 22. Caryophyllaceae
- order 1. Caryophyllales
- superorder 2. Polygonanae
- order 1. Polygonales
- family 1. Polygonaceae
- order 1. Polygonales
- superorder 3. Plumbaginanae
- order 1. Plumbaginales
- family 1. Plumbaginaceae
- order 1. Plumbaginales
- superorder 1. Caryophyllanae
- subclass 2. Hamamelididae
- superorder 1. Trochodendranae
- order 1. Trochodendrales
- family 1. Trochodendraceae
- family 2. Tetracentraceae
- order 2. Eupteleales
- family 1. Eupteleaceae
- order 3. Cercidiphyllales
- family 1. Cercidiphyllaceae
- order 1. Trochodendrales
- superorder 2. Myrothamnanae
- order 1. Myrothamnales
- family 1. Myrothamnaceae
- order 1. Myrothamnales
- superorder 3. Hamamelidanae
- order 1. Hamamelidales
- family 1. Hamamelidaceae
- family 2. Altingiaceae
- family 3. Platanaceae
- order 1. Hamamelidales
- superorder 4. Casuarinanae
- order 1. Casuarinales
- family 1. Casuarinaceae
- order 1. Casuarinales
- superorder 5. Daphniphyllanae
- order 1. Barbeyales
- family 1. Barbeyaceae
- order 2. Daphniphyllales
- family 1. Daphniphyllaceae
- order 3. Balanopales
- family 1. Balanopaceae
- order 4. Didymelales
- family 1. Didymelaceae
- order 5. Buxales
- family 1. Buxaceae
- order 6. Simmondsiales
- family 1. Simmondsiaceae
- order 1. Barbeyales
- superorder 6. Juglandanae
- order 1. Fagales
- family 1. Nothofagaceae
- family 2. Fagaceae
- order 2. Corylales
- family 1. Betulaceae
- family 2. Corylaceae
- family 2. Stylocerataceae
- family 3. Ticodendraceae
- order 3. Myricales
- family 1. Myricaceae
- order 4. Rhoipteleales
- family 1. Rhoipteleaceae
- order 5. Juglandales
- family 1. Juglandaceae
- order 1. Fagales
- superorder 1. Trochodendranae
- subclass 3. Dilleniidae
- superorder 1. Dillenianae
- order 1. Dilleniales
- family 1. Dilleniaceae
- order 1. Dilleniales
- superorder 2. Theanae
- order 1. Paracryphiales
- family 1. Paracryphiaceae
- order 2. Theales
- family 1. Stachyuraceae
- family 2. Theaceae
- family 3. Asteropeiaceae
- family 4. Pentaphylacaceae
- family 5. Tetrameristaceae
- family 6. Oncothecaceae
- family 7. Marcgraviaceae
- family 8. Caryocaraceae
- family 9. Pellicieraceae
- family 10. Clusiaceae
- order 3. Physenales
- family 1. Physenaceae
- order 4. Ochnales
- family 1. Medusagynaceae
- family 2. Strasburgeriaceae
- family 3. Scytopetalaceae
- family 4. Ochnaceae
- family 5. Quiinaceae
- order 5. Elatinales
- family 1. Elatinaceae
- order 6. Ancistrocladales
- family 1. Ancistrocladaceae
- order 7. Dioncophyllales
- family 1. Dioncophyllaceae
- order 1. Paracryphiales
- superorder 3. Lecythidanae
- order 1. Lecythidales
- family 1. Lecythidaceae
- family 2. Asteranthaceae
- family 3. Napoleonaeaceae
- family 4. Foetidiaceae
- order 1. Lecythidales
- superorder 4. Sarracenianae
- order 1. Sarraceniales
- family 1. Sarraceniaceae
- order 1. Sarraceniales
- superorder 5. Nepenthanae
- order 1. Nepenthales
- family 1. Nepenthaceae
- order 2. Droserales
- family 1. Droseraceae
- order 1. Nepenthales
- superorder 6. Ericanae
- order 1. Actinidiales
- family 1. Actinidiaceae
- order 2. Ericales
- family 1. Cyrillaceae
- family 2. Clethraceae
- family 3. Ericaceae
- order 3. Diapensiales
- family 1. Diapensiaceae
- order 4. Bruniales
- family 1. Bruniaceae
- family 2. Grubbiaceae
- order 5. Geissolomatales
- family 1. Geissolomataceae
- order 6. Fouquieriales
- family 1. Fouquieriaceae
- order 1. Actinidiales
- superorder 7. Primulanae
- order 1. Styracales
- family 1. Styracaceae
- family 2. Symplocaceae
- family 3. Ebenaceae
- family 4. Lissocarpaceae
- family 5. Sapotaceae
- order 2. Primulales
- family 1. Theophrastaceae
- family 2. Myrsinaceae
- family 3. Primulaceae
- order 1. Styracales
- superorder 8. Violanae
- order 1. Violales
- family 1. Berberidopsidaceae
- family 2. Aphloiaceae
- family 3. Bembiciaceae
- family 4. Flacourtiaceae
- family 5. Lacistemataceae
- family 6. Peridiscaceae
- family 7. Violaceae
- family 8. Dipentodontaceae
- family 9. Scyphostegiaceae
- order 2. Passiflorales
- family 1. Passifloraceae
- family 2. Turneriaceae
- family 3. Malesherbiaceae
- family 4. Achariaceae
- order 3. Caricales
- family 1. Caricaceae
- order 4. Salicales
- family 1. Salicaceae
- order 5. Elaeocarpales
- family 1. Elaeocarpaceae
- order 6. Tamaricales
- family 1. Tamaricaceae
- family 2. Frankeniaceae
- order 1. Violales
- superorder 9. Capparanae
- order 1. Moringales
- family 1. Moringaceae
- order 2. Gyrostemonales
- family 1. Gyrostemonaceae
- order 3. Batales
- family 1. Bataceae
- order 4. Capparales
- family 1. Koeberliniaceae
- family 2. Pentadiplandraceae
- family 3. Capparaceae
- family 4. Brassicaceae
- family 5. Tovariaceae
- family 6. Resedaceae
- order 1. Moringales
- superorder 10. Malvanae
- order 1. Cistales
- family 1. Bixaceae
- family 2. Cochlospermaceae
- family 3. Cistaceae
- family 4. Diegodendraceae
- order 2. Malvales
- family 1. Tiliaceae
- family 2. Dirachmaceae
- family 3. Monotaceae
- family 4. Dipterocarpaceae
- family 5. Sarcolaenaceae
- family 6. Plagiopteraceae
- family 7. Huaceae
- family 8. Sterculiaceae
- family 9. Sphaerosepalaceae
- family 10. Bombacaceae
- family 11. Malvaceae
- order 3. Thymelaeales
- family 1. Gonystylaceae
- family 2. Thymelaeaceae
- order 1. Cistales
- superorder 11. Cucurbitanae
- order 1. Begoniales
- family 1. Datiscaceae
- family 2. Begoniaceae
- order 2. Cucurbitales
- family 1. Cucurbitaceae
- order 1. Begoniales
- superorder 12. Urticanae
- order 1. Urticales
- family 1. Ulmaceae
- family 2. Celtidaceae
- family 3. Moraceae
- family 4. Cecropiaceae
- family 5. Urticaceae
- family 6. Cannabaceae
- order 1. Urticales
- superorder 13. Euphorbianae
- order 1. Euphorbiales
- family 1. Euphorbiaceae
- family 2. Pandaceae
- family 3. Dichapetalaceae
- order 1. Euphorbiales
- superorder 1. Dillenianae
- subclass 4. Rosidae
- superorder 1. Saxifraganae
- order 1. Cunoniales
- family 1. Cunoniaceae
- family 2. Davidsoniaceae
- family 3. Eucryphiaceae
- family 4. Brunelliaceae
- order 2. Cephalotales
- family 1. Cephalotaceae
- order 3. Greyiales
- family 1. Greyiaceae
- order 4. Francoales
- family 1. Francoaceae
- order 5. Crossosomatales
- family 1. Crossosomataceae
- order 6. Saxifragales
- family 1. Tetracarpaeaceae
- family 2. Penthoraceae
- family 3. Crassulaceae
- family 4. Grossulariaceae
- family 5. Pterostemonaceae
- family 6. Iteaceae
- family 7. Saxifragaceae
- order 1. Cunoniales
- superorder 2. Podostemanae
- order 1. Gunnerales
- family 1. Gunneraceae
- order 2. Haloragales
- family 1. Haloragaceae
- order 3. Podostemales
- family 1. Podostemaceae
- order 1. Gunnerales
- superorder 3. Celastranae
- order 1. Brexiales
- family 1. Brexiaceae
- order 2. Parnassiales
- family 1. Parnassiaceae
- family 2. Lepuropetalaceae
- order 3. Celastrales
- family 1. Celastraceae
- family 2. Goupiaceae
- family 3. Lophopyxidaceae
- family 4. Stackhousiaceae
- order 4. Salvadorales
- family 1. Salvadoraceae
- order 5. Aquifoliales
- family 1. Aquifoliaceae
- family 2. Phellinaceae
- family 3. Sphenostemonaceae
- family 4. Icacinaceae
- family 5. Cardiopteridaceae
- family 6. Aextoxicaceae
- order 6. Corynocarpales
- family 1. Corynocarpaceae
- order 1. Brexiales
- superorder 4. Santalanae
- order 1. Medusandrales
- family 1. Medusandraceae
- order 2. Santalales
- family 1. Olacaceae
- family 2. Opiliaceae
- family 3. Santalaceae
- family 4. Misodendraceae
- family 5. Loranthaceae
- family 6. Eremolepidaceae
- family 7. Viscaceae
- order 1. Medusandrales
- superorder 5. Rosanae
- order 1. Rosales
- family 1. Rosaceae
- family 2. Neuradaceae
- family 3. Chrysobalanaceae
- order 1. Rosales
- superorder 6. Geranianae
- order 1. Geraniales
- family 1. Oxalidaceae
- family 2. Geraniaceae
- order 2. Linales
- family 1. Hugoniaceae
- family 2. Linaceae
- family 3. Ctenolophonaceae
- family 4. Ixonanthaceae
- family 5. Humiriaceae
- family 6. Erythroxylaceae
- family 7. Zygophyllaceae
- order 3. Balsaminales
- family 1. Balsaminaceae
- order 4. Vochysiales
- family 1. Malpighiaceae
- family 2. Trigoniaceae
- family 3. Vochysiaceae
- family 4. Tremandraceae
- family 5. Krameriaceae
- order 5. Polygalales
- family 1. Polygalaceae
- family 2. Xanthophyllaceae
- family 3. Emblingiaceae
- order 1. Geraniales
- superorder 7. Fabanae
- order 1. Fabales
- family 1. Mimosaceae
- family 2. Caesalpiniaceae
- family 3. Fabaceae
- order 1. Fabales
- superorder 8. Rutanae
- order 1. Sapindales
- family 1. Staphyleaceae
- family 2. Tapisciaceae
- family 3. Melianthaceae
- family 4. Sapindaceae
- family 5. Hippocastanaceae
- family 6. Aceraceae
- family 7. Bretschneideraceae
- family 8. Akaniaceae
- order 2. Tropaeolales
- family 1. Tropaeolaceae
- order 3. Limnanthales
- family 1. Limnanthaceae
- order 4. Sabiales
- family 1. Sabiaceae
- order 5. Connarales
- family 1. Connaraceae
- order 6. Rutales
- family 1. Rutaceae
- family 2. Rhabdodendraceae
- family 3. Cneoraceae
- family 4. Simaroubaceae
- family 5. Picramniaceae
- family 6. Leitneriaceae
- family 7. Surianaceae
- family 8. Irvingiaceae
- family 9. Kirkiaceae
- family 10. Ptaeroxylaceae
- family 11. Tepuianthaceae
- family 12. Meliaceae
- family 13. Lepidobotryaceae
- order 7. Coriariales
- family 1. Coriariaceae
- order 8. Burserales
- family 1. Burseraceae
- family 2. Anacardiaceae
- family 3. Podoaceae
- order 1. Sapindales
- superorder 9. Rhamnanae
- order 1. Rhamnales
- family 1. Rhamnaceae
- order 2. Elaeagnales
- family 1. Elaeagnaceae
- order 1. Rhamnales
- superorder 10. Proteanae
- order 1. Proteales
- family 1. Proteaceae
- order 1. Proteales
- superorder 11. Vitanae
- superorder 12. Rhizophoranae
- order 1. Rhizophorales
- family 1. Anisophylleaceae
- family 2. Rhizophoraceae
- order 1. Rhizophorales
- superorder 13. Myrtanae
- order 1. Myrtales
- family 1. Combretaceae
- family 2. Crypteroniaceae
- family 3. Melastomataceae
- family 4. Psiloxylaceae
- family 5. Heteropyxidaceae
- family 6. Myrtaceae
- family 7. Alzateaceae
- family 8. Rhynchocalycaceae
- family 9. Penaeaceae
- family 10. Oliniaceae
- family 11. Lythraceae
- family 12. Trapaceae
- family 13. Onagraceae
- order 1. Myrtales
- superorder 1. Saxifraganae
- subclass. 5 Cornidae
- superorder 1. Cornanae
- order 1. Hydrangeales
- family 1. Escalloniaceae
- family 2. Hydrangeaceae
- family 3. Abrophyllaceae
- family 4. Argophyllaceae
- family 5. Corokiaceae
- family 6. Alseuosmiaceae
- family 7. Carpodetaceae
- family 8. Phyllonomaceae
- family 9. Pottingeriaceae
- family 10. Tribelaceae
- family 11. Melanophyllaceae
- family 12. Montiniaceae
- family 13. Kaliphoraceae
- family 14. Eremosynaceae
- family 15. Vahliaceae
- family 16. Columelliaceae
- order 2. Roridulales
- family 1. Roridulaceae
- order 3. Garryales
- family 1. Aucubaceae
- family 2. Garryaceae
- order 4. Desfontainiales
- family 1. Desfontainiaceae
- order 5. Aralidiales
- family 1. Aralidiaceae
- order 6. Cornales
- family 1. Mastixiaceae
- family 2. Davidiaceae
- family 3. Nyssaceae
- family 4. Curtisiaceae
- family 5. Cornaceae
- family 6. Alangiaceae
- family 7. Griseliniaceae
- order 1. Hydrangeales
- superorder 2. Eucommianae
- order 1. Eucommiales
- family 1. Eucommiaceae
- order 1. Eucommiales
- superorder 3. Aralianae
- order 1. Torricelliales
- family 1. Helwingiaceae
- family 2. Torricelliaceae
- order 2. Pittosporales
- family 1. Pittosporaceae
- order 3. Byblidales
- family 1. Byblidaceae
- order 4. Araliales
- family 1. Araliaceae
- family 2. Hydrocotylaceae
- family 3. Apiaceae
- order 1. Torricelliales
- superorder 4. Dipsacanae
- order 1. Dipsacales
- family 1. Viburnaceae
- family 2. Sambucaceae
- family 3. Adoxaceae
- family 4. Caprifoliaceae
- family 5. Valerianaceae
- family 6. Dipsacaceae
- family 7. Morinaceae
- order 1. Dipsacales
- superorder 1. Cornanae
- subclass 6. Lamiidae
- superorder 1. Gentiananae
- order 1. Gentianales
- family 1. Gelsemiaceae
- family 2. Loganiaceae
- family 3. Strychnaceae
- family 4. Gentianaceae
- family 5. Saccifoliaceae
- family 6. Geniostomaceae
- family 7. Plocospermataceae
- order 2. Rubiales
- family 1. Dialypetalanthaceae
- family 2. Rubiaceae
- family 3. Carlemanniaceae
- order 3. Apocynales
- family 1. Apocynaceae
- order 1. Gentianales
- superorder 2. Solananae
- order 1. Solanales
- family 1. Solanaceae
- family 2. Sclerophylacaceae
- family 3. Goetzeaceae
- family 4. Duckeodendraceae
- family 5. Convolvulaceae
- family 6. Cuscutaceae
- family 7. Polemoniaceae
- family 8. Hydrophyllaceae
- family 9. Boraginaceae
- family 10. Tetrachondraceae
- family 11. Hoplestigmataceae
- family 12. Lennoaceae
- order 1. Solanales
- superorder 3. Loasanae
- order 1. Loasales
- family 1. Loasaceae
- order 1. Loasales
- superorder 4. Oleanae
- order 1. Oleales
- family 1. Oleaceae
- order 1. Oleales
- superorder 5. Lamianae
- order 1. Lamiales
- family 1. Buddlejaceae
- family 2. Stilbaceae
- family 3. Bignoniaceae
- family 4. Paulowniaceae
- family 5. Schlegeliaceae
- family 6. Globulariaceae
- family 7. Scrophulariaceae
- family 8. Veronicaceae
- family 9. Orobanchaceae
- family 10. Oftiaceae
- family 11. Myoporaceae
- family 12. Callitrichaceae
- family 13. Gesneriaceae
- family 14. Plantaginaceae
- family 15. Pedaliaceae
- family 16. Martyniaceae
- family 17. Trapellaceae
- family 18. Acanthaceae
- family 19. Lentibulariaceae
- family 20. Verbenaceae
- family 21. Phrymaceae
- family 22. Cyclocheilaceae
- family 23. Avicenniaceae
- family 24. Lamiaceae
- order 2. Hydrostachyales
- family 1. Hydrostachyaceae
- order 3. Hippuridales
- family 1. Hippuridaceae
- order 1. Lamiales
- superorder 1. Gentiananae
- subclass 7. Asteridae
- superorder Campanulanae
- order 1. Menyanthales
- family 1. Menyanthaceae
- order 2. Goodeniales
- family 1. Goodeniaceae
- order 3. Stylidiales
- family 1. Donatiaceae
- family 2. Stylidiaceae
- order 4. Campanulales
- family 1. Pentaphragmataceae
- family 2. Sphenocleaceae
- family 3. Campanulaceae
- order 1. Menyanthales
- superorder 2. Asteranae
- order 1. Calycerales
- family 1. Calyceraceae
- order 2. Asterales
- family 1. Asteraceae
- order 1. Calycerales
- superorder Campanulanae
- subclass 1. Caryophyllidae
- class 1. Magnoliopsida
References
- ^ a b Reveal 2011.
- ^ a b Thorne & Reveal 2007.
- ^ Reveal 1997.
- ^ Reveal 1998.
- ^ APG II 2003.
- ^ APG III 2009.
- ^ Chase & Reveal 2009.
- ^ Reveal 2012.
Bibliography
- Chase, Mark W; Reveal, James L (2009). "A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 122–127. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- Reveal, J.L. (2 April 2012). "An outline of a classification scheme for extant flowering plants" (PDF). Phytoneuron (37): 1–221. Retrieved 2 January 2016.
- Reveal, James L. (30 April 2011). "Summary of recent systems of angiosperm classification". Kew Bulletin. 66 (1): 5–48. Bibcode:2011KewBu..66....5R. doi:10.1007/s12225-011-9259-y. S2CID 44982192.
- Thorne, Robert F.; Reveal, James L. (April 2007). "An Updated Classification of the Class Magnoliopsida ("Angiospermae")". The Botanical Review. 73 (2): 67–181. doi:10.1663/0006-8101(2007)73[67:AUCOTC]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 24415895.
- Reveal, James L (5 Nov 1997). "Reveal System of Classification" (pbio 250 Lecture Notes). Plant Systematics. University of Maryland: Norton-Brown Herbarium. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- Reveal, James L (22 Nov 1998). "Vascular Plant Family Nomenclature: Lists of the Flowering Plant Taxa Accepted by Cronquist, Dahlgren, Reveal, Takhtajan & Thorne". Plant Systematics. University of Maryland: Norton-Brown Herbarium. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II (2003), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 141 (4): 399–436, doi:10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x
- Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III (2009), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 161 (2): 105–121, doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x, hdl:10654/18083
External links
- Plantsystematics.org
- v
- t
- e
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- See also
- Plantae at Wikispecies •