Sundanese numerals
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Sundanese numerals (Sundanese language: Wilangan) is a number system used by Sundanese people and contains a sequence of 10 digits (᮰ ᮱ ᮲ ᮳ ᮴ ᮵ ᮶ ᮷ ᮸ ᮹) in Sundanese script. The Wilangan writing system is the same as in Arabic numerals,[1] i.e. the writing is directed to the right,[1] only there is a difference in terms of marking, namely that the writing of numbers in Sundanese script must use a pipe sign ( | ),[1] because some forms of Sundanese numerals are similar to consonant letters (ᮍᮜᮌᮦᮔ ngalagéna), it is feared that ambiguity will occur.[2][1]
Example: || = 2020
However, because the writing system that is more often used in Sundanese is the Latin alphabet, it is more common to write numbers in Sundanese using Arabic numerals and the use of numbers in Sundanese script is optional.
Basic numbering in Sundanese
Some numbers in Sundanese have more than one different way of pronouncing the number, for example in the tweens, the way of pronouncing the numbers 21–29 can also use lilikuran.
Examples of Writing and Mentioning:[3][4]
Unit | Teens | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Symbol | Written | Symbol | Written | ||||||
Wilangan | Arabic numerals | Sundanese script | Latin alphabet | Wilangan | Arabic numerals | Sundanese script | Latin alphabet | ||
᮰ | 0 | ᮈᮔᮧᮜ᮪ | enol | - | - | - | - | ||
᮱ | 1 | ᮠᮤᮏᮤ | hiji | ᮱᮱ | 11 | ᮞᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | sabelas | ||
᮲ | 2 | ᮓᮥᮃ | dua | ᮱᮲ | 12 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | dua belas | ||
᮳ | 3 | ᮒᮤᮜᮥ | tilu | ᮱᮳ | 13 | ᮒᮤᮜᮥ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | tilu belas | ||
᮴ | 4 | ᮇᮕᮒ᮪ | opat | ᮱᮴ | 14 | ᮇᮕᮒ᮪ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | opat belas | ||
᮵ | 5 | ᮜᮤᮙ | lima | ᮱᮵ | 15 | ᮜᮤᮙ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | lima belas | ||
᮶ | 6 | ᮌᮨᮔᮨᮕ᮪ | genep | ᮱᮶ | 16 | ᮌᮨᮔᮨᮕ᮪ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | genep belas | ||
᮷ | 7 | ᮒᮥᮏᮥᮂ | tujuh | ᮱᮷ | 17 | ᮒᮥᮏᮥᮂ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | tujuh belas | ||
᮸ | 8 | ᮓᮜᮕᮔ᮪ | dalapan | ᮱᮹ | 18 | ᮓᮜᮕᮔ᮪ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | dalapan belas | ||
᮹ | 9 | ᮞᮜᮕᮔ᮪ | salapan | ᮱᮹ | 19 | ᮞᮜᮕᮔ᮪ ᮘᮨᮜᮞ᮪ | salapan belas | ||
Tweens | Tens | ||||||||
Symbol | Written | Symbol | Written | ||||||
Wilangan | Arabic numerals | Sundanese script | Latin alphabet | Wilangan | Arabic numerals | Sundanese script | Latin alphabet | ||
Native Sundanese | Lilikuran | ||||||||
Native Sundanese | Lilikuran | ||||||||
᮲᮱ | 21 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮠᮤᮏᮤ | ᮞᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh hiji | salikur | ᮱᮰ | 10 | ᮞᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ | sapuluh |
᮲᮲ | 22 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮓᮥᮃ | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh dua | dua likur | ᮲᮰ | 20 | ᮓᮥᮃᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ | dua puluh |
᮲᮳ | 23 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮒᮤᮜᮥ | ᮒᮤᮜᮥ ᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh tilu | tilu likur | ᮳᮰ | 30 | ᮒᮤᮜᮥᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ | tilu puluh |
᮲᮴ | 24 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮇᮕᮒ᮪ | ᮇᮕᮒ᮪ ᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh opat | opat likur | ᮴᮰ | 40 | ᮇᮕᮒ᮪ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ/ᮞᮛᮏᮥ | opat puluh/saraju |
᮲᮵ | 25 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮜᮤᮙ | ᮜᮤᮙ ᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ/ᮞᮜᮦᮝ | dua puluh lima | lima likur/salawé | ᮵᮰ | 50 | ᮜᮤᮙᮕᮥᮜᮅᮂ/ᮞᮦᮊᮒ᮪ | lima puluh/sékat |
᮲᮶ | 26 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮌᮨᮔᮨᮕ᮪ | ᮌᮨᮔᮨᮕ᮪ ᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh genep | genep likur | ᮶᮰ | 60 | ᮌᮨᮔᮨᮕ᮪ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ/ᮞᮝᮤᮓᮊ᮪ | genep puluh/sawidak |
᮲᮷ | 27 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮒᮥᮏᮥᮂ | ᮒᮥᮏᮥᮂ ᮜᮄᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh tujuh | tujuh likur | ᮷᮰ | 70 | ᮒᮥᮏᮥᮂᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ | tujuh puluh |
᮷᮵ | 75 | ᮒᮥᮏᮥᮂ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮜᮤᮙ/ᮜᮨᮘᮊ᮪ ᮞᮒᮥᮞ᮪ | tujuh puluh lima/lebak satus | ||||||
᮲᮸ | 28 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮓᮜᮕᮔ᮪ | ᮓᮜᮕᮔ᮪ ᮜᮄᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh dalapan | dalapan likur | ᮸᮰ | 80 | ᮓᮜᮕᮔ᮪ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ | dalapan puluh |
᮲᮹ | 29 | ᮓᮥᮃ ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ ᮞᮜᮕᮔ᮪ | ᮞᮜᮕᮔ᮪ ᮜᮤᮊᮥᮁ | dua puluh salapan | salapan likur | ᮹᮰ | 90 | ᮞᮜᮕᮔ᮪ᮕᮥᮜᮥᮂ | salapan puluh |
Hundreds
- 100 – |᮱᮰᮰| – saratus
- 175 – |᮸᮲᮰| – saratus tujuh puluh lima/lebak satak
- 200 – |᮲᮰᮰| – dua ratus
- 300 – |᮳᮰᮰| – tilu ratus
- 375 – |᮳᮷᮵| – tilu ratus tujuh puluh lima/lebak samas
- 400 – |᮴᮰᮰| – opat ratus, samas
- 500 – |᮵᮰᮰| – lima ratus
- 600 – |᮶᮰᮰| – genep ratus
- 705 – |᮷᮰᮵| – tujuh ratus lima
- 800 – |᮸᮰᮰| – dalapan ratus/domas
- 820 – |᮸᮲᮰| – dalapan ratus dua puluh
- 999 – |᮹᮹᮹| – salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan
Thousands
- 1.000 – |᮳᮰᮰᮰| – sarébu
- 2.000 – |᮲᮰᮰᮰| – dua rébu
- 3.007 – |᮳᮰᮰᮷| – tilu rébu tujuh
- 4.010 – |᮴᮰᮱᮰| – opat rébu sapuluh
- 5.500 – |᮵᮵᮰᮰| – lima rébu lima ratus
- 6.708 – |᮶᮷᮰᮸| – genep rébu tujuh ratus dalapan
- 7.880 – |᮷᮸᮸᮰| – tujuh rébu dalapan ratus dalapan puluh
- 9.999 – |᮹᮹᮹᮹| – salapan rébu salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan
Tens of thousands
- 10.000 – |᮱᮰᮰᮰᮰| – sapuluh rébu/salaksa
- 15.000 – |᮱᮵᮰᮰᮰| – lima belas rébu/limalas rébu
- 25.000 – |᮲᮵᮰᮰᮰| – dua puluh lima rébu/salawé rébu
- 50.000 – |᮵᮰᮰᮰᮰| – lima puluh rébu
- 99.999 – |᮹᮹᮹᮹᮹| – salapan puluh salapan rébu salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan
Hundreds of thousands
- 100.000 – |᮱᮰᮰᮰᮰᮰| – saratus rébu/saketi
- 500.000 – |᮵᮰᮰᮰᮰᮰| – lima ratus rébu
- 725.160 – |᮷᮲᮵᮱᮶᮰| – tujuh ratus dua puluh lima rébu saratus genep puluh
- 999.999 – |᮹᮹᮹᮹᮹᮹| – salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan rébu salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan
Millions
- 1.000.000 – |᮱᮰᮰᮰᮰᮰᮰| – sayuta/sapuluh keti
- 5.000.000 – |᮵᮰᮰᮰᮰᮰᮰| – lima yuta
- 6.486.417 – |᮶᮴᮸᮶᮴᮱᮷| – genep yuta opat ratus dalapan puluh genep rébu opat ratus tujuh belas
- 9.999.999 – |᮹᮹᮹᮹᮹᮹᮹| – salapan juta salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan rébu salapan ratus salapan puluh salapan
References
- ^ a b c d Baidillah 2008, pp. 71.
- ^ "FORM OF KAGANGA". amadi.unpad.ac.id. Retrieved 20 June 2021.
- ^ Baidillah 2008, pp. 74.
- ^ Jan Grashuis 1874, pp. 82.
Bibliography
- Baidillah, Idin (2008). Direktori Aksara Sunda untuk Unicode (PDF) (in Indonesian). Bandung: Pemerintah Provinsi Jabar; Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi Jabar.
- Jan Grashuis, Gerhardus (1874). Soendaneesch leesboek (in Dutch). Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff. pp. 82–87. OCLC 8974063. OL 23543722M.
External links
- How to say Numbers in Sundanese – Tutorial
- Kamus Bahasa Sunda Archived 2014-10-11 at the Wayback Machine
- Konverter Huruf Latin – Aksara Sunda[permanent dead link]
- Sundanese-Indonesian Translator
- (47,7M) Kamus Sunda-Indonesia – Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa Depdikbud