Vachellia

Vachellia
Vachellia xanthophloea
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:
Plantae
Klad: Tracheophyta
Klad: Angiospermae
Klad: Eudikotil
Klad: Rosid
Ordo:
Fabales
Famili:
Fabaceae
Subfamili:
Mimosoideae
Tribus:
Acacieae
Genus:
Vachellia

Wight & Arn.
Spesies

Lihat teks

World map showing Vachellia species occurring through out the tropics
Peta persebran anggota genus Vachellia
Sinonim[1]
  • Acacia subg. Acacia Vassal, nom. illeg.
  • Acaciopsis Britton & Rose
  • Aldina E.Mey.
  • Bahamia Britton & Rose
  • Delaportea Gagnepain
  • Farnesia Gasparrini
  • Feracacia Britton & Rose
  • Fishlockia Britton & Rose
  • Gumifera Raf.
  • Lucaya Britton & Rose
  • Myrmecodendron Britton & Rose
  • Nimiria Craib
  • Pithecodendron Speg.
  • Poponax Raf.
  • Protoacacia Mill.
  • Tauroceras Britton & Rose

Vachellia adalah genus tumbuhan berbunga dalam famili Fabaceae, subfamili Mimosoideae. Spesiesnya dianggap anggota genus Acacia hingga tahun 2009.[2][3] Vachellia dapat dibedakan dari akasia dari perbungaan majemuk dan daun penumpunya.[4] Sebelum penemuan Dunia Baru, orang Eropa di wilayah Mediterania mengenal beberapa spesies Vachellia, yang diketahui sebagai sumber obat, dan memiliki nama yang diwarisi dari orang Yunani dan Romawi.[5]

Genus ini tersebar luas di berbagai habitat terbuka, tropis hingga subtropis, dan dominan secara lokal.[6] Di beberapa bagian Afrika, spesiesnya dibentuk secara progresif oleh hewan penggembalaan yang ukuran dan tingginya bertambah, seperti gazel, gerenuk, dan jerapah. Genus di Afrika dengan demikian mengembangkan duri sebagai pertahanan dalam menghdapi hewan-hewan tersebut.[7]

Daftar spesies

Di bawah ini merupakan daftar spesies dalam genus Vachellia:[2][3][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]

  • Vachellia abyssinica (Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia acuifera (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia albicortata (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia allenii (D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia amythethophylla (Steud. ex A.Rich.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia ancistroclada (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia anegadensis (Britton) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia antunesii (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia arenaria (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia aroma (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia astringens (Gillies in Hook. et Arn.) Speg.
  • Vachellia baessleri Clarke, Siegler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia barahonensis (Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bavazzanoi (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia belairioides (Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bellula (Drake) Boatwr.
  • Vachellia biaciculata (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bidwillii (Benth.) Kodela[16]
  • Vachellia bilimekii (J. Macbr.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bolei (R.P. Subhedar) Ragupathy, Seigler, Ebinger & Maslin[17]
  • Vachellia borleae (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia brandegeana (I. M. Johnst.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bravoensis (Isely) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bricchettiana (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia bucheri (Marie-Victorín) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia bullockii (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia burttii (Bak. f.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia bussei (Harms ex Sjöstedt) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia californica (Brandegee) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia campechiana (Mill.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia caurina (Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia caven (Molina) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia cernua (Thulin & Hassan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia chiapensis (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia choriophylla (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia clarksoniana (Pedley) Kodela
  • Vachellia collinsii (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia constricta (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia cookii (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia cornigera (L.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia cucuyo (Barneby & Zanoni) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia curvifructa (Burkart) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia daemon (Ekman & Urb.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia davyi (N.E.Br.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia ditricha (Pedley) Kodela
  • Vachellia dolichocephala (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia douglasica (Pedley) Kodela
  • Vachellia drepanolobium (Harms ex Sjöstedt) P.J.H. Hurter
  • Vachellia dyeri (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.[18]
  • Vachellia eburnea (L.f.) P. Hurter & Mabb.
  • Vachellia ebutsiniorum (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia edgeworthii (T.Anders.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia elatior (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia erioloba (E.Mey.) P.J.H. Hurter
  • Vachellia erythrophloea (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia etbaica (Schweinf.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia exuvialis (Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. – Bunga siam
  • Vachellia fischeri (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia flava (Forssk.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia gentlei (Standley) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia gerrardii (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter
  • Vachellia glandulifera (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia globulifera (Saff.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia grandicornuta (Gerstner) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia guanacastensis (Clark, Seigler, & Ebinger) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia gummifera (Willd.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia haematoxylon (Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger[19]
  • Vachellia harmandiana (Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia hebeclada (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia hindsii (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia hockii (De Wild.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia horrida (L.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia hydaspica (J.R. Drumm. ex R. Parker) Ali
  • Vachellia inopinata (Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia insulae-iacobi (L. Riley) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia jacquemontii (Benth.) ali—baonḷī, raati-banwali
  • Vachellia janzenii (Ebinger & Seigler) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia karroo (Hayne) Banfi & Galasso[18]
  • Vachellia kingii (Prain) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia kirkii (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia koltermanii R. García, M. Mejía, Ebinger, & Seigler[20]
  • Vachellia kosiensis (P.P.Sw. ex Coates Palgr.) Kyal. & Boatwr.[18]
  • Vachellia lahai (Steud. & Hochst. ex. Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia lasiopetala (Oliv.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia latispina (J.E.Burrows & S.M.Burrows) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia leucophloea (Roxb.) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger – Pilang
  • Vachellia leucospira (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia luederitzii (Engl.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia macracantha (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia macrothyrsa (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia malacocephala (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia mayana (Lundell) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia mbuluensis (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia melanoceras (Beurl.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia montana (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia myaingii (Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia myrmecophila (R.Vig.) Boatwr.
  • Vachellia natalitia (E.Mey.) Kyal. & Boatwr.[18]
  • Vachellia nebrownii (Burtt Davy) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia negrii (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia nilotica (L.) P.J.H. Hurter & Mabb.
  • Vachellia nubica (Benth.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia oerfota (Forssk) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia origena (Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia ormocarpoides (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia oviedoensis (R. García & M. Mejía) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia pacensis (Rudd & Carter) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia pachyphloia (W. Fitzg.) Kodela
  • Vachellia pallidifolia (Tindale) Kodela
  • Vachellia paolii (Chiov.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia pennatula (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia permixta (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia pilispina (Pichi-Sermolli) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia polypyrigenes (Greenm.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia prasinata (Hunde) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia pringlei (Rose) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia pseudofistula (Harms) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia qandalensis (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia quintanilhae (Torre) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia reficiens (Wawra) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia rehmanniana (Schinz) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia rigidula (Benth.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia robbertsei (P.P.Swartz) Kyal. & Boatwr.[18]
  • Vachellia robusta (Burch.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia roigii (Léon) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia rorudiana (Christopherson) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia ruddiae (D. H. Janzen) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia schaffneri (S. Watson) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia schottii (Torr.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia sekhukhuniensis (P.J.H. Hurter) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia seyal (Delile) P.J.H. Hurter
  • Vachellia siamensis (Craib) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia sieberiana (DC.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia sphaerocephala (Schltdl. & Cham.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia stuhlmannii (Taub.) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia suberosa (A. Cunn. ex Benth.) Kodela
  • Vachellia sutherlandii (F. Muell.) Kodela
  • Vachellia swazica (Burtt Davy) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia tenuispina (Verdoorn) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia tephrophylla (Thulin) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia theronii (P.P.Sw.) Boatwr.[18]
  • Vachellia tomentosa (Rottler) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger—klampis
  • Vachellia torrei (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia tortilis (Forssk.) Galasso & Banfi
  • Vachellia tortuosa (L.) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia turnbulliana (Brenan) Kyal. & Boatwr.—velvet pod acacia
  • Vachellia valida (Tindale & Kodela) Kodela
  • Vachellia vernicosa (Britton & Rose) Seigler & Ebinger—viscid acacia
  • Vachellia viguieri (Villiers & Du Puy) Boatwr.
  • Vachellia villaregalis (McVaugh) Seigler & Ebinger
  • Vachellia walwalensis (Gilliland) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia xanthophloea (Benth.) P.J.H. Hurter
  • Vachellia zanzibarica (S.Moore) Kyal. & Boatwr.
  • Vachellia zapatensis (Urb. & Ekman) Seigler & Ebinger

Referensi

  1. ^ Maslin, B. R.; Orchard, A. E.; West, J. G. "Nomenclatural and classification history of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae), and the implications of generic subdivision" (PDF). worldwidewattle.com. Diakses tanggal 5 November 2015. 
  2. ^ a b Kyalangalilwa B, Boatwright JS, Daru BH, Maurin O, van der Bank M (2013). "Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations in Vachellia and Senegalia.". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 172 (4): 500–523. doi:10.1111/boj.12047 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  3. ^ a b Clarke HD, Seigler DS, Ebinger JE (2009). "Taxonomic Revision of the Vachellia acuifera Species Group (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in the Caribbean". Systematic Botany. 34 (1): 84–101. doi:10.1600/036364409787602285.  Parameter |s2cid= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
  4. ^ Dyer C. (2014). "New names for the African Acacia species in Vachellia and Senegalia". Southern Forests: A Journal of Forest Science. 76 (4): iii. doi:10.2989/20702620.2014.980090 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  5. ^ Austin, Daniel F. (2004). Florida ethnobotany Fairchild Tropical Garden, Coral Gables, Florida, Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, Tucson, Arizona: with more than 500 species illustrated by Penelope N. Honychurch ... [et al.] Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. hlm. 58–59. ISBN 9780203491881. 
  6. ^ Shorrocks, Bryan; Bates, William (2014). The Biology of African Savannahs (edisi ke-Biology of Habitats Series). Oxford University Press. hlm. 231–233. ISBN 978-0198702702. 
  7. ^ Chidumayo, Emmanuel N.; Gumbo, Davison J. (2010). The Dry Forests and Woodlands of Africa: Managing for Products and Services. Routledge. hlm. 25. ISBN 9781136531378. 
  8. ^ Thiele KR. (2011). "The controversy over the retypification of Acacia Mill. with an Australian type: A pragmatic view" (PDF). Taxon. 60 (1): 194–198. doi:10.1002/tax.601017. JSTOR 41059833. 
  9. ^ Seigler DS, Ebinger JE (2005). "New combinations in the genus Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from the New World". Phytologia. 87 (3): 139–78. 
  10. ^ Seigler DS, Ebinger JE (2010). "New combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae)" (PDF). Phytologia. 92 (1): 92–95. 
  11. ^ Maslin BR, Seigler DS, Ebinger J (2013). "New combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae) for Southeast Asia and China". Blumea. 58 (1): 39–44. doi:10.3767/000651913X669914. 
  12. ^ Maslin B. "List of Acacia sensu lato species". World Wide Wattle. Diakses tanggal 4 January 2014. 
  13. ^ Kodela PG, Wilson PG (2006). "New combinations in the genus Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Australia". Telopea. 11 (2): 233–244. doi:10.7751/telopea20065723 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  14. ^ Ali SI. (2014). "The Genus Acacia s.l. in Pakistan" (PDF). Pak J Bot. 46 (1): 1–4. 
  15. ^ Boatwright JS, Maurin O, van der Bank M (2015). "Phylogenetic position of Madagascan species of Acacia s.l. and new combinations in Senegalia and Vachellia (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae, Acacieae)". Bot J Linn Soc. 179 (2): 288–294. doi:10.1111/boj.12320 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. 
  16. ^ Maiden, J. H. (1889). The Useful Native Plants of Australia (including Tasmania). Sydney: Turner and Henderson. hlm. 3. 
  17. ^ Maslin BR. (2014). "Vachellia bolei (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), the correct name for a species from India" (PDF). Nuytsia. 24: 21–22. 
  18. ^ a b c d e f Taxon in the V. karroo complex, see: Roland, Dr. Wolf-Achim. "The Acacia (s.l.)-karroo complex, Status 2014". Acacia World. Diakses tanggal 20 November 2015. 
  19. ^ "Protected Trees" (PDF). Department of Water Affairs and Forestry, Republic of South Africa. 3 May 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 5 July 2010.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
  20. ^ Seigler DS, García R, Mejía M, Ebinger JE (2012). "A new species of Vachellia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) from Haiti". Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas. 6 (1): 45. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-03-01.  Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)