Isotopen van lutetium
Het chemisch element lutetium (Lu), met een atoommassa van 174,967(1) u, bezit 1 stabiele isotoop: 175Lu, die ervan verdacht wordt om via α-verval te vervallen tot de radio-isotoop 171Tm. De isotoop bezit een natuurlijke abundantie van 97,41%. De andere in de natuur voorkomende isotoop is de radio-isotoop 176Lu, die een halveringstijd van 38,5 miljard jaar bezit. De overige 32 radio-isotopen zijn onstabiel en hebben een relatief korte halfwaardetijd (de meeste minder dan een seconde).
De kortstlevende isotoop van lutetium is 150Lu, met een halveringstijd van ongeveer 43 milliseconden. De langstlevende is 176Lu, met een halfwaardetijd van 37,8 miljard jaar.
Overzicht
Nuclide | Z (p) | N (n) | Isotopische massa (u) | Halveringstijd | Radioactief verval | VP | Kernspin | Isotopische verhouding (molfractie) | Natuurlijk voorkomen (molfractie) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitatie-energie | |||||||||
150Lu | 71 | 79 | 149,97323(54) | 43(5) ms | p (80%) | 149Yb | (2+) | ||
β+ (20%) | 150Yb | ||||||||
150mLu | 34(15) keV | 80(60) µs | (1, 2) | ||||||
151Lu | 71 | 80 | 150,96758(43) | 80,6(19) ms | β+ | 151Yb | (11/2−) | ||
151mLu | 77(5) keV | 16(1) µs | (3/2+) | ||||||
152Lu | 71 | 81 | 151,96412(21) | 650(70) ms | β+ (85%) | 152Yb | (5−, 6−) | ||
β+, p (15%) | 151Tm | ||||||||
153Lu | 71 | 82 | 152,95877(22) | 0,9(2) s | β+ | 153Yb | 11/2− | ||
α | 149Tm | ||||||||
153m1Lu | 80(5) keV | 1 s | 1/2+ | ||||||
153m2Lu | 2502,5(4) keV | > 0,1 µs | 23/2− | ||||||
153m3Lu | 2632,9(5) keV | 15(3) µs | 27/2− | ||||||
154Lu | 71 | 83 | 153,95752(22) | 1 s | β+ | 154Yb | (2−) | ||
154m1Lu | 58(13) keV | 1,12(8) s | (9+) | ||||||
154m2Lu | > 2562 keV | 35(3) µs | (17+) | ||||||
155Lu | 71 | 84 | 154,954316(22) | 68,6(16) ms | α (76%) | 151Tm | (11/2−) | ||
β+ (24%) | 155Yb | ||||||||
155m1Lu | 20(6) keV | 138(8) ms | α (88%) | 151Tm | (1/2+) | ||||
β+ (12%) | 155Yb | ||||||||
155m2Lu | 1781,0(20) keV | 2,70(3) ms | (25/2−) | ||||||
156Lu | 71 | 85 | 155,95303(8) | 494(12) ms | α (95%) | 152Tm | 2− | ||
β+ (5%) | 156Yb | ||||||||
156mLu | 220(80) keV | 198(2) ms | α (94%) | 152Tm | (9)+ | ||||
β+ (6%) | 156Yb | ||||||||
157Lu | 71 | 86 | 156,950098(20) | 6,8(18) s | β+ | 157Yb | (1/2+, 3/2+) | ||
α | 153Tm | ||||||||
157mLu | 21,0(20) keV | 4,79(12) s | β+ (94%) | 157Yb | (11/2−) | ||||
α (6%) | 153Tm | ||||||||
158Lu | 71 | 87 | 157,949313(16) | 10,6(3) s | β+ (99,09%) | 158Yb | 2− | ||
α (0,91%) | 154Tm | ||||||||
159Lu | 71 | 88 | 158,94663(4) | 12,1(10) s | β+ (99,96%) | 159Yb | 1/2+ | ||
α (0,04%) | 155Tm | ||||||||
159mLu | 100(80) keV | 10 s | 11/2− | ||||||
160Lu | 71 | 89 | 159,94603(6) | 36,1(3) s | β+ | 160Yb | 2− | ||
α (10−4%) | 156Tm | ||||||||
160mLu | 0(100) keV | 40(1) s | |||||||
161Lu | 71 | 90 | 160,94357(3) | 77(2) s | β+ | 161Yb | 1/2+ | ||
161mLu | 166(18) keV | 7,3(4) ms | IT | 161Lu | (9/2−) | ||||
162Lu | 71 | 91 | 161,94328(8) | 1,37(2) min | β+ | 162Yb | (1−) | ||
162m1Lu | 120(200) keV | 1,5 min | β+ | 162Yb | 4- | ||||
IT (zelden) | 162Lu | ||||||||
162m2Lu | 300(200) keV | 1,9 min | |||||||
163Lu | 71 | 92 | 162,94118(3) | 3,97(13) min | β+ | 163Yb | 1/2+ | ||
164Lu | 71 | 93 | 163,94134(3) | 3,14(3) min | β+ | 164Yb | 1− | ||
165Lu | 71 | 94 | 164,939407(28) | 10,74(10) min | β+ | 165Yb | 1/2+ | ||
166Lu | 71 | 95 | 165,93986(3) | 2,65(10) min | β+ | 166Yb | (6−) | ||
166m1Lu | 34,37(5) keV | 1,41(10) min | EV (58%) | 166Yb | 3− | ||||
IT (42%) | 166Lu | ||||||||
166m2Lu | 42,9(5) keV | 2,12(10) min | 0− | ||||||
167Lu | 71 | 96 | 166,93827(3) | 51,5(10) min | β+ | 167Yb | 7/2+ | ||
167mLu | 0(30) keV | > 1 min | 1/2− | ||||||
168Lu | 71 | 97 | 167,93874(5) | 5,5(1) min | β+ | 168Yb | (6−) | ||
168mLu | 180(110) keV | 6,7(4) min | β+ (95%) | 168Yb | 3+ | ||||
IT (5%) | 168Lu | ||||||||
169Lu | 71 | 98 | 168,937651(6) | 34,06(5) uur | β+ | 169Yb | 7/2+ | ||
169mLu | 29,0(5) keV | 160(10) s | IT | 169Lu | 1/2− | ||||
170Lu | 71 | 99 | 169,938475(18) | 2,012(20) dagen | β+ | 170Yb | 0+ | ||
170mLu | 92,91(9) keV | 670(100) ms | IT | 170Lu | 4− | ||||
171Lu | 71 | 100 | 170,9379131(30) | 8,24(3) dagen | β+ | 171Yb | 7/2+ | ||
171mLu | 71,13(8) keV | 79(2) s | IT | 171Lu | 1/2− | ||||
172Lu | 71 | 101 | 171,939086(3) | 6,70(3) dagen | β+ | 172Yb | 4− | ||
172m1Lu | 41,86(4) keV | 3,7(5) min | IT | 172Lu | 1− | ||||
172m2Lu | 65,79(4) keV | 0,332(20) µs | 1+ | ||||||
172m3Lu | 109,41(10) keV | 440(12) µs | 1+ | ||||||
172m4Lu | 213,57(17) keV | 150 ns | (6−) | ||||||
173Lu | 71 | 102 | 172,9389306(26) | 1,37(1) jaar | EV | 173Yb | 7/2+ | ||
173mLu | 123,672(13) keV | 74,2(10) µs | 5/2− | ||||||
174Lu | 71 | 103 | 173,9403375(26) | 3,31(5) jaar | β+ | 174Yb | 1− | ||
174m1Lu | 170,83(5) keV | 142(2) dagen | IT (99,38%) | 174Lu | 6− | ||||
EV (0,62%) | 174Yb | ||||||||
174m2Lu | 240,818(4) keV | 395(15) ns | (3+) | ||||||
174m3Lu | 365,183(6) keV | 145(3) ns | (4−) | ||||||
175Lu | 71 | 104 | 174,9407718(23) | stabiel | 7/2+ | 0,9741(2) | |||
175m1Lu | 1392,2(6) keV | 984(30) µs | (19/2+) | ||||||
175m2Lu | 353,48(13) keV | 1,49(7) µs | 5/2− | ||||||
176Lu | 71 | 105 | 175,9426863(23) | 38,5(7) × 109 jaar | β− | 176Hf | 7- | 0,0259(2) | |
176mLu | 122,855(6) keV | 3,664(19) uur | β− (99,9%) | 176Hf | 1− | ||||
EV (0,095%) | 176Yb | ||||||||
177Lu | 71 | 106 | 176,9437581(23) | 6,6475(20) dagen | β− | 177Hf | 7/2+ | ||
177m1Lu | 150,3967(10) keV | 130(3) ns | 9/2− | ||||||
177m2Lu | 569,7068(16) keV | 155(7) µs | 1/2+ | ||||||
177m3Lu | 970,1750(24) keV | 160,44(6) dagen | β− (78,3%) | 177Hf | 23/2− | ||||
IT (21,7%) | 177Lu | ||||||||
177m4Lu | 3900(10) keV | 7(2) min | 39/2− | ||||||
178Lu | 71 | 107 | 177,945955(3) | 28,4(2) min | β− | 178Hf | 1+ | ||
178mLu | 123,8(26) keV | 23,1(3) min | β− | 178Hf | 9− | ||||
179Lu | 71 | 108 | 178,947327(6) | 4,59(6) uur | β− | 179Hf | 7/2+ | ||
179mLu | 592,4(4) keV | 3,1(9) ms | IT | 179Lu | 1/2+ | ||||
180Lu | 71 | 109 | 179,94988(8) | 5,7(1) min | β− | 180Hf | 5+ | ||
180m1Lu | 13,9(3) keV | ± 1 s | IT | 180Lu | 3− | ||||
180m2Lu | 624,0(5) keV | > 1 ms | (9−) | ||||||
181Lu | 71 | 110 | 180,95197(32) | 3,5(3) min | β− | 181Hf | (7/2+) | ||
182Lu | 71 | 111 | 181,95504(21) | 2,0(2) min | β− | 182Hf | (0, 1, 2) | ||
183Lu | 71 | 112 | 182,95757(32) | 58(4) s | β− | 183Hf | (7/2+) | ||
184Lu | 71 | 113 | 183,96091(43) | 20(3) s | β− | 184Hf | (3+) |
Overzicht van isotopen per element
1 | 18 | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | H | 2 | Periodiek systeem | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | He | |||||||||
2 | Li | Be | De links verwijzen naar isotopen per element | B | C | N | O | F | Ne | |||||||||
3 | Na | Mg | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | Al | Si | P | S | Cl | Ar |
4 | K | Ca | Sc | Ti | V | Cr | Mn | Fe | Co | Ni | Cu | Zn | Ga | Ge | As | Se | Br | Kr |
5 | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Mo | Tc | Ru | Rh | Pd | Ag | Cd | In | Sn | Sb | Te | I | Xe |
6 | Cs | Ba | ↓ | Hf | Ta | W | Re | Os | Ir | Pt | Au | Hg | Tl | Pb | Bi | Po | At | Rn |
7 | Fr | Ra | ↓↓ | Rf | Db | Sg | Bh | Hs | Mt | Ds | Rg | Cn | Nh | Fl | Mc | Lv | Ts | Og |
Lanthaniden | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Pm | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb | Lu | |||
Actiniden | Ac | Th | Pa | U | Np | Pu | Am | Cm | Bk | Cf | Es | Fm | Md | No | Lr |
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
- (en) R.B. Firestone, S.Y. Frank Chu & C.M. Baglin (1999) - Table of Isotopes (online versie van de cd-rom)
- (en) G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot & O. Bersillon (2003) - The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties, Nuclear Physics A, 729, pp. 3-128
- (en) J.R. de Laeter, J.K. Böhlke, P. De Bièvre, H. Hidaka, H.S. Peiser, K.J.R. Rosman & P.D.P. Taylor (2003) - Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 75 (6), pp. 683–800
- (en) M.E. Wieser (2006) - Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report), Pure and Applied Chemistry, 78 (11), pp. 2051–2066
- (en) David R. Lide (2004) - CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), hoofdstuk 11, CRC Press - ISBN 978-0849304859