Lưu Kế Tông
Lưu Kế Tông | |||||
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Raja-di-raja | |||||
King of Champa | |||||
Reign | 986–989 | ||||
Coronation | 986 | ||||
Predecessor | unknown | ||||
Successor | Harivarman II | ||||
Born | ? Quảng Bình | ||||
Died | 989 Indrapura, Champa | ||||
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Lưu Kế Tông or Lưu Kỳ Tông (?–989) (chữ Hán: 劉繼宗; Chinese: Liu Ji-zong), was the king of Champa from 986 to 989.
After the Vietnamese invasion in 982 led by Lê Hoàn that devastated the northern region of Champa, the new Cham king Indravarman IV took refuge in the southern part of the country. Taking advantage of the unrest, Lưu Kế Tông, a Vietnamese military officer from Quảng Bình (located in the northern-tip of Champa), had seized power in Indrapura.[1][2] In 983 he successfully resisted Lê Hoàn's attempt to depose him.[3] In 986, Indravarman IV died and Lưu Kế Tông proclaimed himself King of Champa. He immediately sent a embassy led by a Muslim named Lý Triêu Tiên to Song China to seek Chinese recognition.[4][5]
Following the usurpation of Lưu Kế Tông, many Chams and Muslims fled to Song China, especially Hainan and Guangzhou to seek refuge.[1] In the same year, some hundreds people from Champa led by Pu Bo E (Abu Nurs) arrived Hainan. In the next two years, nearly 500 refugees from Champa arrived in Canton headed by Li Ning Bian and Hu Xuan (Hussain), and "demanded the protection of China".[6]
In 988 the Chams united around a claimant of their own, whom they enthroned at Indrapura. Lưu Kế Tông died in the following year, and the new Cham king was crowned as Harivarman II, who founded the Seventh dynasty of Champa.[7] The Chams soon renewed their raid against the kingdom of Đại Việt in 995 and 997.[3]
References
- ^ a b Coedès 1968, p. 125.
- ^ Wade 2011, p. 144.
- ^ a b Coedès 2015, p. 82.
- ^ Hall 1981, p. 203.
- ^ History of Song, vol. 489
- ^ Chaffee 2018, p. 60.
- ^ Hall 1981, p. 204.
Bibliography
- Chaffee, John W. (2018), The Muslim Merchants of Premodern China: The History of a Maritime Asian Trade Diaspora, 750-1400, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1-10864-009-1
- Coedès, George (1968), Vella, Walter F. (ed.), The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, University of Hawaii Press., ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1
- Coedès, George (2015), The Making of South East Asia (RLE Modern East and South East Asia), Taylor & Francis, ISBN 978-1-31745-095-5
- Hall, Daniel George Edward (1981), History of South East Asia, Macmillan Education, Limited, ISBN 978-1-349-16521-6
- Wade, Geoff (2011), "The "Account of Champa" in the Song Huiyao Jigao", in Lockhart, Bruce; Trần, Kỳ Phương (eds.), The Cham of Vietnam: History, Society and Art, Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press, pp. 138–167, ISBN 978-9-971-69459-3
Preceded by unknown ?–? | King of Champa 986–989 | Succeeded by Harivarman II 989–997 |
- v
- t
- e
Lâm Ấp
192-605
Xitu
- Khu Liên
- Phạm Hùng
- Phạm Dật
- Phạm Văn
- Phạm Phật
- Bhadravarman I (Phạm Hồ Đạt)
- Gangaraja (Phạm Địch Chớn)
- Manorathavarman
- Gangarajavarman II (Phạm Địch Văn)
- Phạm Dương Mại I
- Phạm Dương Mại II
- Phạm Thần Thành
- Phạm Đang Căng Thuần
- Phạm Chư Nông
- Phạm Văn Tẩn
- Devavarman (Phạm Thiên Khởi)
- Vijayavarman
- Rudravarman I
Chiêm Thành
875–1471
- Jaya Sambhuvarman
- Kandarpadharma (Fan Touli)
- Prabhasadharma (Fan Zhenlong)
- Bhadresvaravarman
- Daughter of Kandarpadharma (female)
- Vikrantavarman I
- Naravahanavarman
- Vikrantavarman II
- Rudravarman II
- Prithindravarman
- Satyavarman
- Indravarman I
- Harivarman I
- Vikrantavarman III
- Indravarman II
- Jaya Simhavarman I
- Saktivarman
- Bhadravarman II
- Indravarman III
- Jaya Indravarman I
- Paramesvaravarman I
- Indravarman IV
- Lieou Ki-Tsong (Lưu Kế Tông)
- Harivarman II
- Yang Bo Zhan
- Sri Vijayavarman (Yang Pu Ku Vijaya)
- Harivarman III
- Paramesvaravarman II
- Vikrantavarman IV
- Jaya Sinhavarman II
- Jaya Paramesvaravarman I
- Bhadravarman III
- Rudravarman III
- Harivarman IV
- Jaya Indravarman II
- Paramabhodhisatva
- Harivarman V
- Jaya Indravarman III
- Rudravarman IV
- Jaya Harivarman I
- Jaya Harivarman II
- Jaya Indravarman IV
- Suryajayavarmadeva (Khmer vassal)
- Suryavarmadeva (Khmer vassal)
- Jaya Indravarman V (Khmer vassal)
- Khmer occupation
- Jaya Paramesvaravarman II
- Jaya Indravarman VI
- Indravarman V
- Jaya Sinhavarman III (Chế Mân)
- Jaya Sinhavarman IV (Chế Chí)
- Chế Năng
- Jaya Ananda (Chế A Nan)
- Maha Sawa (Trà Hòa Bố Để)
- Po Binasuor (Chế Bồng Nga)
- Jaya Simhavarman V (La Ngai)
- Indravarman VI (Ba Đích Lại)
- Virabhadravarman
- Maha Kali (Ma Kha Quý Lai)
- Maha Vijaya (Ma Kha Bí Cai)
- Maha Kaya (Ma Kha Quý Do)
- Maha Saya (Bàn La Trà Duyệt)
- Maha Sajan (Bàn La Trà Toàn)
- Maha Sajai (Bàn La Trà Toại)
Principality of Thuận Thành
1471–1835
- Bố Trì Trì
- Zhai Ya Ma Wu An
- Gu Lai
- Sha Gu Bu Luo
- Sha Ri Di Zhai
- Po Kabih
- Po Karut Drak
- Po Maha Sarak
- Po Kunarai
- Po At
- Po Klaong Halau
- Po Nit
- Po Jai Paran
- Po Aih Khang
- Po Klaong Mah Nai
- Po Rome
- Po Nraup (Bà Tấm)
- Po Saktiraydapaghoh
- Po Jatamah
- Po Saut (Bà Tranh)
- Vietnamese occupation
- Po Saktiraydapatih (Kế Bà Tử)
- Po Ganuhpatih
- Po Thuntiraidaputih
- Po Rattiraydaputao
- Po Tisundimahrai
- Po Tisuntiraydapaghoh
- Po Tisuntiraidapuran (Nguyễn Văn Tá)
- Po Thong Khang
- Po Krei Brei (Nguyễn Văn Chiêu)
- Po Ladhuanpuguh (Nguyễn Văn Hào)
- Po Saong Nyung Ceng (Nguyễn Văn Chấn)
- Po Bait Lan
- Po Klan Thu (Nguyễn Văn Vĩnh)
- Po Phaok The (Nguyễn Văn Thừa)
- Po War Palei (La Bôn Vương)